Page:A History of Architecture in All Countries Vol 2.djvu/390

374 ITALIAN ARCHITECTURE. Part II. the fa9ades formed into an open gallery; a second open gallery represents the sloping roof of the aisles, a third the clerestory, a fourth the slo])es of the great roof. The difficulty here, as in almost all Italian designs, is caused by the sloping roofs ; but, with this excep- tion, the whole makes up a rich and varied composition without any glaring false construction, and expresses with sufficient clearness the arrangements of the interior. The dome is of later design, and, being oval in plan, cannot be said to be pleasing in outline. k The Italians were evidently delighted with their new style. It was repeated with very little variation at Lucca, in the church of San Michele (118X), only that the arcades stood free on the sides as well as on the front. The facade of San Martino, in the same city, is in the same style; so is that of the cathedral at Pistoja, and so is Sta. Maria at Arezzo. The arrangement was probably suggested by the porticoes of Pagan temples, and were it not for the awkwardness caused by the slojiing line of the roofs, it might be characterized as one of the most successful inventions of the age. In some instances, as in the facade of the Cathedral at Zara in Dalmatia (Woodcuts Nos. S()(), sol), built by Enrico Dandolo (I10l>-1'204), the difficulties of the design of the fayade are to a great extent conquered by reducing the arcades to mere decorative jiaiielling, and more than this by separating the design of the centre from that of the aisles by a bold square pilaster. This is ex- actly the feature we miss at Pisa and Lucca, where the want of it imparts a considerable deirree of weakness to the whole desion. The j)lan oi the Zara Cathedral is that usually adoi>ted in churches of this class ; but it possesses a lady chai)el and baj)tistery, jilaced laterally in a somewhat unusual man- ner. Its dimensions are small, being only 17(1 ft. by 0.5 externally. The east end of this church, its doorways and windows, show, as might be expected from its locality, a greater tendency towards Gothic art than can be found on the western shores of the Peninsula, but in internal arrangements it belongs wholly to the Italian style. Further south on the mainland of Italy, at Troja, we find a singularly elegant cathedral church (1093-1115?) in the same style (Woodcut No. 802). Its flanks and apse are perhaps even more ele- gant than anything in the neighborhood of Pisa. So is the lower part of its fa9ade, which is adorned with a richness and elegance of foliaire characteristic of the province where it is found ; and the cornice that crowns the lower story is perhaps unmatched by any similar example ><(i(i. 11.111 "f Z;iia Cathednil. .Scale 100 ft. to 1 in.