In the Census of 1871, there were 1,115 inhabitants of Cawthorne—561 males, 554 females—in 242 houses; in the part included in Hoyland Swaine, 119 inhabitants—61 males, 58 females—in 29 houses.
The Census of Cawthorne previously to 1871 included the whole Township:
In" 1811 population" 1,203
In" 1821 population" 1,518
In" 1831 population" 1,492
In" 1861 population" 1,284
The area of the Township is given in the Rate Book as 3,418 acres, 1 rood, 29 perches; in the Ordnance Survey, 3,707 - 2 - 26 acres. The gross estimated rental in 1872 was £5,732; in 1875, £7,631. The gross value as assessed to the Property Tax under Schedule A. in 1872 was £5,699; in 1875, £6,119. The County Rate basis in 1872 was £5,558; in 1875, £6,960; the estimated gross rental as returned to the County Assessment Committee in 1873 was £7551; in 1881, £7,601, the County Rate basis being £7,152 the former year, and £7,080 in 1881.
In 1803, the money raised by the Parish Rates at 4s. 3d. in the pound was £721 2s. ½d. A rate of 10d. in the pound now raises £272.
There is an Ordnance bench-mark on the Church Tower (now inside the Church, on the south side) which is given as 360 feet 8 in. above the level of the sea. The bench-mark on the trough in Cliffehill lane is 294 ft. 8 in. Other bench-marks are at the footbridge on the north of Rawroyd, 288 feet; at the south-west corner of the Allotments, 261 feet; on a footpath to High Hoyland by Rawroyd, 351 feet. Cannon Hall is 375 feet. The following places may be mentioned for comparison: Dakin Brook, 350; Pool Hill, 775; Hoyland Swaine Heights, 900; Penistone (old) Station, 711; Champney Hill, 625; Denby Church, 833; High Hoyland Church, 710; Woolley Edge (Beacon Hill), 575; Darton Church, 208.
