kalion) of post-diluvian mankind. The identification is approved by
Weizsäcker (Roscher's Lex. ii. 55 ff.), who holds that (
Greek characters), having
no Greek etymology, may be borrowed from the Semites (cf. Lenorm.
ii. 173-193). See, further, Mey. INS, 221.
A curiously complicated astro-mythical solution is advanced by Wi. in MVAG, vi. 170 ff.
2-5. The Japhetic or Northern Peoples: fourteen in number, chiefly concentrated in Asia Minor and Armenia, but extending on either side to the Caspian and the shores of the Atlantic. It will be seen that though the enumeration is not ethnological in principle, yet most of the peoples named do belong to the same great Indo-Germanic family.
Japheth.
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1. Gomer. 5. Magog. 6. Madai. 7. Javan. 12. Tubal. 13. Meshech. 14. Tiras.
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2. Ashkenaz. 3. RiphatH. 4. Togarmah. |
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8. Elishah. 9. Tarshish. 10. Kittim. 11. Rodanim
.
(1) (Hebrew characters) (G (Greek characters)): named along with Togarmah as a confederate of
Gog in Ezk. 386, is identified with the Galatians by Jos., but is really the
Gamir of the Ass. inscr., the Cimmerians of the Greeks. The earliest
reference to the (Greek characters) (Od. xi. 13 ff.) reveals them as a northern
people, dwelling on the shores of the Northern Sea. Their irruption
into Asia Minor, by way of the Caucasus, is circumstantially narrated
by Herodotus (i. 15, 103, iv. 11 f.), whose account is in its main features
confirmed by the Ass. monuments. There the Gimirrai first appear
towards the end of the reign of Sargon, attacking the old kingdom of
Urarṭu (see Johns, PSBA, xvii. 223 f., 226). Thence they seem to have
moved westwards into Asia Minor, where (in the reign of Sennacherib)
they overthrew the Phrygian Empire, and later (under Asshur-bani-pal,
c. 657) the Lydian Empire of Gyges (KIB, ii. 173-7). This last effort
seems to have exhausted their strength, and soon afterwards they
vanish from history.[1] A trace of their shortlived ascendancy remained
in Gamir, the Armenian name for Cappadocia;[2] but the probability is
that the land was named after the people, and not vice versâ; and it is
not safe to assume that by (Hebrew characters) P meant Cappadocia. It is more likely
that the name is primarily ethnic, and denotes the common stock of
which the three following peoples were branches.
