pain, brought to her in a basket of figs; and the guards who were sent to secure her person, found her lying dead on a couch, dressed in her royal robes, with one of her women dead at her feet, and the other expiring. The victor, though greatly disappointed, buried her, with much magnificence, in the tomb with Antony, as she had requested. She was in her thirty-ninth year at the time of her death; she left two sons and a daughter by Antony, whom she had married after his divorce from Octavia, besides her son by Cæsar, whom Octavianus put to death as a rival. With her terminated the family of Ptolemy Lagus, and the monarchy of Egypt, which was thenceforth a Roman province. Cleopatra was an object of great dread and abhorrence to the Romans, who detested her as the cause of Antony's divorce from Octavia, and the subsequent civil war. Her ambition was as unbounded as her love of pleasure; and her usual oath was, "So may I give law in the capitol." Her temper was imperious, and she was boundlessly profuse in her expenditures; nor did she ever hesitate to sacrifice, when it suited her own interest, all the decorums of her rank and sex. But we mast remember, also, that she lived in an age of crime. She was better than the men her subtle spirit subdued,—for she was true to her country. Never was Egypt so rich in wealth, power, and civilization, as under her reign. She re-constructed the precious library of her capital; and when the wealth of Rome was at her command, proffered by the dissolute Antony, who thought her smiles cheaply bought at the price of the Roman empire, Cleopatra remarked,—"The treasures I want are two hundred thousand volumes from Pergamus, for my library of Alexandria."
CLERMONT, CLAUDE CATHARINE DE,
Daughter of Clermont, Lord of Dampierre, wife, first of M. d'Aunbaut, who perished in the civil wars of France, and afterwards of Albert, Duke de Metz; was lady of honour to Catharine de Medicis, and governess to the royal children. She was an only daughter, and carefully educated. In all foreign affairs she was consulted as the only person at court who understood the languages. When her husband was in Italy, her son, the Marquis of Belleisle, attempted to seize his father's estate; but she assembled soldiers, pat herself at their head, defeated her son's project, and retained her vassals in obedience to their king, Henry the Fourth, who loaded the duchess with honours. She survived her husband but a few months, dying in the latter part of the sixteenth century.
CLIFFORD, ANNE,
Countess of Pembroke, Dorset, and Montgomery, was sole daughter and heiress to George, Earl of Cumberland. She was born at Skipton-castle, in Craven, January 30th., 1589. Her father died when she was only ten years old; but her mother, a daughter of the Earl of Bedford, educated her with care and discretion. She married, first, Richard, Lord Buckhurst, afterwards Earl of Dorset, by whom she had three sons who died young, and two daughters. After his death, she married Philip Herbert, Earl of Pembroke and Montgomery, by whom she had no children, and with whom she lived very unhappily. She erected a monument to her tutor, Daniel the poet, and another to Spenser; besides which she founded two
