THE COLONIAL PERIOD 79 Miguel y Solier, a Franciscan.* About this time, too, occurred the first earthquake, which did great damage to the cities. Concepcion was destroyed almost as totally as it was afterward in 1730 and in 1751. The condition of Chile had apparently changed but little since Valdivia's day. Yet sufficient time had passed since the early settlement for children to become men. Descendants of Spaniards and Indians — mestizos — had become numerous, and the Araucanians recognized the advantage of attaching this strong party to their interests. So on the death of Pailla- taru, a half-breed named Alonzo Diaz, who had taken the name of Paynenancu and had fought with the Araucanians for ten years, was made toqui. He was, however, a rash leader and attacked without caution or sufficient preparation. Bernal defeated him in his own intrenchments on the Biobio, and Rodrigo Basti- das routed him at Villarica. The war continued in a desultory manner during the year, and the court of Spain, dissatisfied with the ■condition of affairs, sent out a special examiner, who undertook to cut down expenses. He dissolved the Royal Audience, ordering the members of it back to Peru. Don Rodrigo de Quiroga was again appointed governor and governmental affairs were arranged on the old basis. In the following year, 1576, Quiroga raised an army and marched against Paynenancu, who had long been harassing the settlements by frequent attacks. Failing to engage him in a pitched battle, Quiroga again laid waste the Araucanian territory.
- San Miguel governed the church until 1589. He was a native of Vergara and
was elected to his ofBce by Pope Pius IV. He erected the Reterida church in Imperial, April i, 1574. The next bishop was D. Fr. Augustin Cisneros, a Span- iard of Nacimiento, and dean of the church at Imperial. He governed the church until his death, which occurred in September, 159,1. D.Fr. Reginaldo Lizarroga was then elevated to the mitre (1596).
