Q — question
S — student
T — teacher
x — some one utterance in category indicated by preceding capital letter
y — some other utterance
The questions to be asked on the second and third types of worksheet might be drawn from some general list such as the ones given for Thai in Appendix G (pp. 161-164). Both the Cummings device (Worksheet Type 3) and the action chain (Worksheet Type 2), because they tend to consist of sentences with some one surface structure, allow for both lexical and structural exploration. Neither in itself provides a convincing 'sample of language use' (Chapter 3, p. 57), but such samples can readily be constructed by a native speaker who is familiar with the content of one or more completed worksheets. Payoff will be greater if the filling in of the worksheets and the taking of the pictures can proceed hand-in-hand, under the joint initiative of student and instructor.
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