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ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY
high, Eng. excel, Lit. kéltas, raised. Rhys refers the name to the root qel, slay, Ag. S. hild, war, Norse, hildr, Lat. percello, hit, Lit. kalti, strike: the Celtæ being "smiters."
Cornwall: Cornish, Ag. S. Cornwalas, the Walas or Welsh of the Corn or Horn, E. Ir. i tirib Bretann Cornn (Corm.), in the lands of the Britons of the Corn. For Walas see Wales.
Cruithne, a Pict; see under Britain.
Cumry, the Welsh (pl), Cymraeg, the Welsh name for the Welsh language; the singular of Cymry is Cymro, older Cym-mro: *Com-mrox, pl. Com-mroges or Combroges (cf. Cæsar's Allobroges, "Other-landers"), country-men, "co-landers," from brog, mrog of brugh in Dict., q.v. The E. Ir. Gaelic for Wales is found in the phrase isinchomreic = im Kymrischen (Zim. Zeit.32 162).
Erin; see Ireland.
Gaelic, Gael, the name of the language and people of the Scottish Highlands, G. Gàidhlig, Gàidheal, Ir. Gaoidhilig, Gaedhilig, the Irish language, Gaoidheal, Irishman, E. Ir. Góedel (1100 A.D.), Gaideli (Giraldus), W. Gwyddel, Irishman: *Gâdelo-s (for Sc. Gaelic) or *Gâidelo-s (for Irish), root ghâdh, Eng. good, Ger. gut, etc.? The Scotch form seems the best, as its use has been continuous, the race being only a fourth item in Scotland. Stokes gives a proto-Gaelic *Goidelos or *Geidelos, which Bez. compares to the Gaul. Geidumni, and which Stokes compares with Lat. hoedus, goat ("Goat-men," cf. Oscan Hirpini) or Lit. gaidys, cock.
Galli, Gaul, now France, Lat. Gallus, Galli (fourth to first cent. B.C.), Gr. Γαλάτης, Γαλάται (third and second cent. B.C.); from the root gal, bravery, which see in Dict., with discussion of Galli and G. Gall, Lowlander, stranger.
Ireland, Irish; G. ’Eireann, Ir. ’Eire, g. ’Eireann, E. Ir. ’Eriu, ’Erenn, W. Ywerddon, Iwerddon, M. W. Ewyrdonic, Irish, Ptol. Ἰονερvία Ἰέρvη (Strabo), Lat. Hibernia, Iverna (Mela), Ierne (Claudian, fourth cent, a.d.), Evernili, Irish (Adamnan): *Iverjôn-, *Everjôn-, usually referred to Piverjo-, Skr. pī́varî, fat, Gr. Πιερία, the Grecian seat of the Muses, πίων, fat (Windisch, Stokes): "rich-soiled, swelling." Others refer it to G. iar, west, or Skr. ávara (from ava, G. bho), western, lower. No derivation can be satisfactory which does not at the same time account for the similarly named Highland rivers called ’Eire, ’Eireann, Eng. Earn, Findhorn.
Man, Manx; Manx Manninagh, Manx (adj.), Gailck, Gaelk, the Manx Gaelic, E. Ir. inis Manann, Isle of Man, a genitive from *Mana (= Lat. Mona), early W. Manau, Lat. Mona (Cæsar),
