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America 2 1 5 States and of the Union ". They were discussed freely in contemporary newspapers, north and south, and were generally understood to repre- sent the views of the Virginia Supreme Court as well as those of the Virginia democracy. We have received The Beginnings of Freemasonry in North Carolina and Tennessee, by Marshall De Lancey Haywood (Raleigh, 1906). This pamphlet, based on much original investigation, throws interesting light on many well-known colonial and revolutionary characters. We note particularly short biographical sketches of John Hammerton, Thomas Cooper, Joseph Montfort, James Milner, Cornelius Harnett, and William Brinage, and, as a frontispiece, an excellent portrait of Governor Samuel Johnston. In the South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine for July are five more letters from Lafayette to Henry Laurens, all of January, 1778. They treat of various matters, uniforms and insignia of rank, gentlemen volunteers from France, his dislike for Conway, etc. In this issue are also the first installment of " An Order Book of the ist Regt., S. C. Line, Continental Establishment ", commencing December 25, 1777, and a continuation of Mr. Salley's " Calhoun Family of South Carolina ", including brief biographical notices of John Ewing Colhoun, Patrick Calhoun, and John C. Calhoun. The Making of South Carolina, by Henry A. White, has been added to the " Stories of the States " series (Silver. Burdctt. and Company). Part four of volume HL of the Publications of the Louisiana His- torical Society is called a " Gayarre Memorial Number ". Its contents relate mainly to the work of that historian. Mr. William Beer of the Howard Memorial Library has printed a little pamphlet under the title Contributions to Louisiana History. It consists of comments on five volumes, old and new, containing material that bears on Louisiana. A series of reprints to be known as the Old Xorlh-ll'est Leaflets has been begun under the auspices of the Chicago History Teachers' Asso- ciation, by a board of publication composed of Edwin E. Sparks, James A. James, and Charles W. Mann. " The material selected for reprinting in these leaflets bears upon the history of the Middle West, is descriptive rather than documentary, and follows the chronological order of ex- ploration and settlement." Numbers i and 2 have been published, both taken from the Jesuit Relations: The Last Tzvo Journeys of Father Marquette, edited by Edwin E. Sparks; and Manners and Customs of the Western Lndians, edited by Charles W. Mann. The "Old Northwest" Genealogical Quarterly for July contains the first part of an autobiography of Ex-governor Allen Trimble, found among his papers, and the conclusion of the biographical sketch of Governor Icremiah Morrow.