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352 Reviews of Books gustus (c/. Hirschfeld, Die kaiserlichen V crzvaltungshcamtcn, pp. 13 et seqq.) ; and therefore Arnold's contention (p. 59) that " the ' dyarchy ' never in reality existed " is invalidated, because his theory is based in part on the errors mentioned above. Some minor points which need correction may be noted briefly. It is reasonably certain that Augustus held the office of censor (p. 17). The census for a senator was 1,000,- 000, not 1,200,000 sesterces ^£10,000 (p. 18) ; cf. Dio 54.17. Suetonius (Aug. 41) has been misled in mentioning the latter sum. Augustus removed 200 men from the Senate (p. 17), it is true, but he added some new members; cf. Dio. 52.42. Probably the Senate, not the emperor, took the census in the senatorial provinces (p. 28) ; cf. Hirschfeld, op. cit., p. 55. One would infer from the statement on p. 177 that the present Pantheon was constructed by Agrippa. Of course it is the work of Hadrian. Of misprints or slips one may mention " concilium " for consilium (p. 66), and "to impose" "great privileges" (p. 178). In the chapter on " The Domestic Policy of Augustus " something should have been said of the emperor's regulations concerning the knights and the Augustales. The four chapters on the provinces of Gaul, Spain, Arabia. Egypt, Greece, and Asia Minor give an admirable account of the geography of these regions and of the conditions of life in them. They take into account the latest investigations, and form an excellent pendant to the author's sketch of provincial government, to be found in his prize essay on Roman Provincial Administration (1879). The different methods which the Romans adopted in the East and the West, and their com- parative failure in substituting Roman for Greek civilization in the Orient, are brought out with great clearness. We miss a treatment of the cult of the emperor in these discussions of social conditions in the provinces. Probably Samos should be added to the two Roman colonies in Asia mentioned on p. 232. The phrase, k'z<iui xnXw.'ca?, applied to it in an inscription cited in the Rheinisches Museum, N. P., XXII., p. 325, seems to point to this conclusion. The editor's bibliographical note on the provinces (pp. 246-248) is not thoroughly satisfactory. Even for the general reader Halgan's Les Provinces Senatoriales (1898), Chapot's La Province Romainc Proconsulairc d'Asie (1904), and other books of like character should have been mentioned. Frank Frost Abbott. L'Enscignemcnt dcs Lcttrcs Classiqiics d'Ausone a Alcuiii: Intro- duction a J'Histoirc dcs Rcolcs Carolingicnncs. Par M. Roger, Docteur es Lettres. (Paris : A. Picard et Fils. 1905. Pp. xviii, 457-) M, Roger's book is true to the programme of its title. It traces conscientiously the distressed currents of education in Latin letters from the time of the rhetorician poet Ausonius to the period when the great