506 THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY
"stuff" was decent, clever humor, not in the least coarse. The only file of his periodicals available, a sample of Der Leedlc Vanderer, 1876, in the "Number i Book" at the Historical Society Library, gives the same impression.
From his beginning with the use of local material, Mr. Harris branched out, and in 1874 established Carl Pretzel's National Weekly, which later had the word "illustrated" in its title to advertise its cartoons, and was published regularly until 1893. After a time "Carl Pretzel" was more or less written out, and his paper gave considerable attention to politics, Robert G. Ingersoll and John A. Logan being among the contributors. It also became an organ of some secret society interests. It never reached a circulation of more than 5,500, which shows that its constituency was more local than national. In 1886 an advertise- ment showed that it kept something of its original character. This announcement read as follows :
Subscription price, $2 for one year, or $150 for 100 years. By subscribing for loo years, subscribers can save $50. Anyone can see that here is an excellent opportunity to save money. Twelfth year and the largest circula- tion of any weekly newspaper in Chicago.
Changes made in the name of a journal devoted to stories and news of sportsmanship, which was begun in 1874 and is continued today, are significant of movements toward a wider outlook. The founder, Dr. N. Rowe, who always signed himself "Mohawk," first called this periodical Field and Stream. The next year he changed the name to the Chicago Field. Then in 1879 it became the American Field; and from 1883 on it has been dated from New York as well as Chicago, although the main office has been in the Masonic Temple at Chicago. Since the death of its founder several years ago, the periodical has been carried on with Mrs. N. Rowe as editor.
Another sign of the stir toward metropolitanism was seen in a literary periodical based on the social stratification then developing. There was a joining of interest in literature, art, and music with the news of the local society sets, in this journal, the Saturday Evening Herald, founded in 1874 by Lyman B. Glover, who later became a newspaper dramatic critic, having
