REVIEWS 275
refined rusticity of News from Nowhere is in studied contrast to the apotheosis of machinery and the glorification of the life of large towns in the American book ; and is perhaps somewhat exaggerated in its reaction from that picture of a world in which the phalanstere of Fourier seems to have swollen to delirious proportions, and state socialism has resulted in a monstrous and almost incredible centralization.
Indeed, a merely material earthly paradise was always a thing Morris regarded with a feeling little removed from disgust. That ideal organization of life in which the names of rich and poor should disappear in a common well-being was in itself to him a mere body of which art, as the single high source of pleasure, was the informing soul.
"Mr. Bellamy worries himself unnecessarily," he had said in an article in the Commonweal on this very work and its ideas, in June, 1889, " in seeking, with obvious failure, some incentive to labor to replace the fear of starvation, which is at present our only one ; whereas it cannot be too often repeated that the true incentive to useful and happy labor is, and must be, pleasure in the work itself." That single sentence contains the sum of his belief in poli- tics, in economics, in art.
Mr. Mackail has admirably related " the rare instance of a man who, without ever once swerving from truth or duty, knew what he liked and did what he liked all his life long."
RhO FiSK ZUEBLIN.
Annals de Vlnstitut International de Sociologie. Tome V, contenant les travaux de I'annee 1898. By V. Graw and O. Briere. Paris, 1899. Pp. 511.
This publication is becoming an annual, whether the body whose transactions it was primarily intended to report holds a session or not. The contents of the present number are as follows :
" Plan de la sociologie," G. de Azcarate ; " L'induction en socio- logie," Ren^ Worms; "La theorie organique des socifitds : defense de I'organicisme," J. Novicow ; " La personnalite libre," C. N. Starcke ; " Du droit p^nal repressif ou droit p^nal preventif," Pedro Dorado ; " La vengeance priv^e," Raoul de la Grasserie ; "Sur le droit de coali- tion," Albert Jaff^ ; " Formation et Evolution du langage," Charles M. Limousin ; " L'adaptation est-elle la loi derniere de revolution humaine ?" F. Puglia.
The first three and the last of these papers are of special interest to the general sociologist. Professor Azcarate makes a commendable attempt to outline the scope of sociology. The result falls short of
