Page:American Medical Biographies - Kelly, Burrage.djvu/218

CAREY 196 CARPENTER Carey, Matthew (1760-1839) Matthew Carey, the son of a Dublin baker and born on January 28, 1760, has a claim to notice as founder of a medical journal. He made the acquaintance of Franklin in 1779; established the Volunteer's Journal in Ireland in 1783 and after prosecution and imprison- ment as its editor he emigrated to Philadel- phia the following year, and with the financial aid of Lafayette, established the Pennsylvania Herald, later becoming connected with the Co- lumbia Magazine and the American Museum. In 1791 he married and opened a small book- selling shop. He wrote "Essays on Political Economy," 1822 ; "Letters on the Colonization Society," "Female Wages and Female Oppres- sion," in 1835. In 1820, when a publisher in Philadelphia, he conceived the idea of bring- ing out a really good medical periodical, Dr. Nathaniel Chapman to have the editorship. So the Phitadetphia Journal of the Medical and Physical Sciences was launched, and after four years Chapman took William P. Dewees (q. v.) and John L. Godman (q. v.) as associate editors and after ninety-two years the journal is still flourishing, though in 1824 it was re- named the American Journal of the Medical Sciences. Carey himself wrote "A Brief Ac- count of the Malignant Fever which prevailed In Philadelphia in the year 1793" (Philadel- phia, 1793). He died in that city September 16, 1839. A Narrative of Med. in Araer., J. G. Mumford. The Century Cyclopedia of Names, New York. Carnochan, John Murray (1817-1887) He was born in Savannah, Georgia, July 4. 1817, educated in Edingburgh, and graduated in medicine from the College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1836, afterwards spending several years in study in Paris, and returning to New York in 1847. Here he soon won a good reputation as a surgeon. For about twenty-five years he held the position of surgeon-in-chief of the State Emigrant Hos- pital on Ward's Island, then the largest hos- pital in this country. He made several original operations. On the twenty-second of March, 1851, he ligated the femoral artery just below the origin of the arteria profunda, for the cure of elephantiasis Arabum of the right in- ferior extremity, which had resisted all known methods of treatment; the patient finally re- covered, and sixteen months after the opera- tion was well. He was the first to remove the entire lower jaw at one operation, which he did on the thirteenth day of July, 1851, for bone necrosis following a severe attack of typhus fever. The patient recovered and was well in 1855. Dr. Carnochan was the fiT'^t to perform the operation of exsecting the su- perior maxillary nerve for the cure of facial neuralgia, his operation being made on the sixteenth of July, 1856. He trephined the superior maxilla just below the inferior orbital foramen, removed the nerve from its groove in the orbital plate and divided it at its exit from the foramen rotundum, at the same time removing Meckel's ganglion, which he main- tained was essential to the success of the operation. During the next three or four years he made at least three similar opera- tions. He was a bold and dexterous operator, and did not hesitate to make any operation in which there seemed to be a fair chance of success. From 1851 to 1863 Dr. Carnochan was professor of surgery in the New York Medical College. For two years, 1870-71, he was health officer of the Port of New York. He died at his home in New York City of apoplexy on October 28, 1887. Among his surgical writings should be noted: "The Pathology of Congenital Dislo- cation of the Head of the Femur upon the Dorsum of the Ileum," New York, 1848. "Amputation of the Entire Lower Jaw, with Dislocation of Both Condyles," New York, 1852. "Exsection of the Entire Ulna," New York, 1854. "A Case of Exsection of the Entire Os Calcis," New York, 1857. "Con- tributions to Operative Surgery and Surgical Pathology," New York, 1877. Med. and Surg. Reporter, Philadelphia, 1864. Med. Reg. of New York, 1888. There is a portrait in the Surg.-Gen.'s Collection, Washington, D. C. Carpenter, Henry (1819-1887) Descended from a long line of physicians, Henry, son of Henry Carpenter, a surveyor, was born in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, on the tenth of December, 1819. A hanging lantern dated 1698 has been in the possession of his family since it was brought by his paternal ancestor, Dr. Heinrich Zimmermann, to Germantown in 1698, from Switzerland. He remained two years m medical practice, then returned to Switzerland, where he married, and came back permanently to America in 1706, and removed to West- Earl Township, Lancaster County, Pennsyl- vania, in 1717. When the patents were issued for the land the clerk at Philadelphia, evi- dently wishing to render his name conform- able to the tongue of his adopted government, angHcized the name Zimmermann to Carpenter. The first Dr. Carpenter farmed his fields, physicked his neighbors and transmitted his professional talents to posterity, many of whom became doctors. Henry's education was