and usually with a number of much smaller, variously sized threads. Color orangish to yellowish white with darker, axial flammules. Moderately common just offshore.
Plate 20h
Catalina Island to Panama Bay, Panama.
11⁄2 to 21⁄2 inches in length, similar to cooperi, but with the whorls slightly concave due to the more prominent, irregularly beaded spiral cords. The aperture is not circular as in cooperi. Its color is usually much lighter. Uncommon 20 to 40 fathoms.
Family Architectonicidae
Genus Torinia Gray 1842
Plate 21x
North Carolina to Florida and the Gulf of Mexico.
1⁄4 to 1⁄2 inch in diameter, spire flattened, each whorl with 5 crowded rows of neat, tiny, squarish beads. Periphery with a major, and below it a minor, beaded cord. Base rounded and with about 7 wide cords bearing beads. Umbilicus quite wide and very deep. Nuclear whorl glassy-white. Color of shell dull gray to dull cream. Operculum solid-conic, chitinous. Uncommon from 15 to 200 fathoms on mud bottom.
Lower Florida Keys and the West Indies.
3⁄8 inch in length, equally wide; spire high; umbilicus narrow, round, very deep, bordered inside with 3 spiral, beaded cords. Columella with 4 small, depressed, spiral lines. Top of whorls with 4 spiral cords of closely packed, small beads. Color dark-gray to reddish brown with a cream base and with white spots on the periphery. Uncommon at low tide.
Genus Architectonica Röding 1798
Plate 4m
North Carolina to Florida, Texas and the West Indies.
1 to 2 inches in diameter, heavy, cream with reddish brown spots which are especially prominent just below the suture. Sculpture of 4 or 5 spiral cords which are usually beaded. Umbilicus round, deep and bordered by a
