honor of the flag," made by the employers at a time when they were practicing the most wily form of lawlessness. They are even less repulsive than letters from judges, governors, attorney-generals, published in Senate Document Numbers 86, and 163, of the Fifty-eighth Congress (second session) showing with what plump material favors the loyalty of these gentlemen was secured by the railroads. Some are from the Supreme Court Chambers—as, for example, this:
I thank you most sincerely for your favor. I asked Mr. to speak to you, because he knew better than anyone else what I had done for the railroad attorneys, and stand ready to do whenever I can. I hope to be able to prove my appreciation of this favor.
As this wretched business is long past, I withhold all names, but they stand there in the Senate record with others to jog the memories of those who assured us for many years that railroad passes had no perverting influence on the action of those who received them.
On the dingy background of a lawlessness that included employers and miners alike, these official solemnities recall the piety of the great pirate Hawkins, naming his flagship The Jesus.[1]
These unpleasant notes are not recorded here to excuse the succession of inhuman savageries of which some members of the Western Federation of Miners were plainly guilty. On both sides there were years
