104 Renaissance Architecture. art were diligently studied ; and once more painters, sculptors and architects worked together in harmonious combination, producing masterpieces of undying beauty. In this age the Romans delighted more than ever in vast and noble masses of well-ordered forms, and their finest works were now, as before, their civic buildings. Bramante of Urbino* (ab. 1444 — 1514) was the founder of the Roman school of architecture. In the palaces he erected he adhered strictly to antique details, treating them, however, with a grace of his own. The Cancellaria (Fig. 49) and Giraud (now Torlonia) palaces are amongst his chief works. One of the masters who approached most nearly to him was Baldassare Peruzzi (1481 — 1537), who built the Farnesina palace, so famous for Raphael's frescoes. To Raphael himself we owe a noble work of architecture — the Palazzo Pandolfini at Florence. A fragment of a palace in Rome itself (Palazzo Yidoni) is also said to have been built from his designs. Michelangelo Buonarroti (1474 — 1564), the mighty genius who excelled alike in the three sister arts of archi- tecture, sculpture and painting, left the impress of his vigour and power on architecture. To him we owe the design of the present Capitol, with its picturesque group of buildings, the Porta Pia, and the completion of the cupola of St. Peter's (Fig. 50;, the great cathedral of Christendom, built on the site of the old basilica of Con- stantine. The foundation-stone of the new building had been laid in 1406, and the work was proceeded with after designs by Bramante, until his death and that of the Pope. Raphael and Peruzzi took up his unfinished task, and were in their turn succeeded by Michelangelo in 1546, when he
- His real name was Donato Lazzari.
