Page:An Elementary History of Art.djvu/171

Perpendicular Style. 141 lines being used whenever possible. All this offers a strong contrast to the dark shadows and raised mouldings of the preceding period. The stone roofs of this style are more elaborate than those of any other, and display that peculiarly English feature, fan-tracery — a development of vaulting admitting the highest ingenuity and skill. The four-centred arch, sometimes called the Tudor arch, belongs to the latter part of this age. The fronts of buildings of the Perpendicular period are often very fine. Those of Beverley Minster and King's College Chapel, Cambridge, are considered the best examples; and those of the Cathedrals of Winchester, Gloucester, Chester, of the Abbey Church of Bath, and St. George's Chapel, Windsor, are also good. The mouldings of this style are more regular and more shallow than in the two which preceded it. Sculptured animals are frequently introduced as ornaments, often producing a grotesque effect. The three typical specimens of English edifices in this style are Henry VII.' s Chapel, at the east end of West- minster Abbey, St. George's Chapel, Windsor, in the precincts of the Castle, and King's College, Cambridge. Henry VII. 's Chapel (Fig. 63) is a prolongation of the eastern limb of the Abbey, and is in fact the Lady Chapel, as well as the sepulchral chapel of the king whose name it bears. It consists of a nave, two aisles, and five small chapels, and can only be entered from the Abbey itself. The exterior is richly decorated ; the buttress turrets are especially beautiful, rising to a considerable height above the parapet, and ending in jinials (i. e. the tops of buttresses and pinnacles in Gothic buildings), richly ornamented. The flying buttresses are also extremely ornate, covered