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632 Painting best works may be named his pictures of the exterior and interior of S. Stephen's, Vienna. The national collections at South Kensington and Trafalgar Square are rich in characteristic oil-paintings by Roberts; and the former also contains two water-colours from his hand. Richard Parkes Bonington (1801—1828), an English- man by birth, was educated in France, and had acquired considerable reputation in that country before he became known in England. He painted both in oils and water- colours; and in the words of Redgrave ('Century of Painters'), "his works were marked by their originality. He was a master of the figure, which he painted with much grace. He succeeded equally well in his marine and coast scenes and in his picturesque architecture of the Italian cities. His works differed from those of his countrymen mostly in the simple breadth of the masses both of light and of shadow, and in his appreciation of the change which shadow induced on the local colour." Like Constable, Bonington exercised a great influence both on English and French painting, especially on those artists who employed water-colours. Owing to his long residence abroad, he is very inadequately represented in our national collections, but an exceedingly valuable series of his works is in the possession of Sir Richard Wallace : the most famous of these is his Henri IV. and the Spanish Ambassador. In the Louvre is his Francis I. and the Duehesse d'Etampes. Patrick Nasmyth (1787 — 1831) has been likened to the Dutch Hobbema, on account of the simple homely beauty of his landscapes and his vividly truthful ren- dering of rustic life. He was essentially a realistic painter, and as such is held in high esteem at the