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Hoc

( 150 )

Hok

huckstere, E. huckster; probably akin to hocken, ‘to squat.’

hocken, vb., ‘to crouch, squat,’ first recorded in ModHG.; it is, however, an archaic word, as is shown by the prevalence of the root hū̆k, hukk; comp. MidHG. hûchen, ‘to duck, crouch,’ OIc. húka (with a str. partic. hokenn), ‘to crouch,’ Du. huiken. OIc. hokra, ‘to crawl,’ is probably not connected with this word, but with hinken.

Höcker, m., ‘hump,’ from MidHG. hocker, hogger, hoger, m., ‘hump, humpback’; a subst. peculiar to HG., formed from an adj. hogga-, ‘hump-backed,’ and based on OHG. hovar, MidHG. hover, ‘humpback,’ AS. hofer (comp. Lith. kuprà, f., ‘humpback, hump’); hogga- represents hubga, Sans. kubja (for kubjha?), ‘humpbacked’; comp. Gr. κυφός, ‘bent, bowed, stooping,’ for κυφφό-ς, kubghás?.

Hode, f., ‘testicle,’ from the equiv. MidHG. hode, OHG. hodo, n.; comp. MidDu. hode, and in OFris. hotha, ‘testicle.’ Of obscure origin; perhaps allied to Lat. côleus, ‘scrotum,’ if it stands for *côtleus?.

Hof, m., ‘yard, courtyard, manor, court,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. hof (hoves), m.; comp. OSax. and Du. hof, m., AS. hof, n. (obsolete at the end of the AS. period); in West Teut. ‘courtyard, farm, garden (thus in Du. and OHG.), (prince's) palace,’ AS. also ‘circle, district, globe.’ OIc. hof, n. (the same gender as in AS.), ‘temple with a roof,’ later also (under G. influence) ‘palace, courtyard.’ Goth. *hufa-, m. and n., is curiously wanting. Since the cognates are based upon pre-Teut. kúpo, they cannot be allied to Gr. κῆπος, ‘garden,’ Lat. campus.

Hoffart, f., ‘haughtiness, arrogance,’ from MidHG. hôchvart, f., ‘living in high style, magnanimity, splendour, magnificence, haughtiness’; from hôch and vart; MidHG. varn, ‘to live,’ as in Wohlfahrt.

hoffen, vb., from equiv. MidHG. (espec. MidG.), hoffen, ‘to hope,’ which is not yet used, however, by the classicists of the MidHG. period (they employ the term gedingen, wk. vb., with which gedinge, ‘hope,’ is connected; OHG. gidingen and gidingo); it is also unknown to OHG. In OLG., on the other hand, a corresponding tô-hopa, ‘hope,’ is found. The vb. appears earliest in E.; AS. tôhopa, ‘hope,’ AS. hopian, equiv. to E. to hope. At a later period Du. hopen and MidLG. hopen occur.

Not until the latter half of the 13th cent. does MidHG. hoffen become more prevalent, after its solitary occurrence since 1150 A.D. It is usually considered as a LG. loan-word. For the early history of the word the corresponding abstract AS. hyht, ‘hope,’ is significant, since it shows that Teut. hopôn represents *huqôn (Aryan root kug). Its connection with Lat. cupio is scarcely possible.

hofieren, vb., ‘to court, flatter,’ from MidHG. hovieren, ‘to make a display, serve, pay court to, be courteous, serenade’; from G. Hof, with a Rom. suffix.

höfisch, adj., ‘courtly, flattering, fawning,’ from MidHG. hövesch, adj., ‘courtly, accomplished’; allied to Hof.

Höhe, f., ‘height, summit, elevation,’ from MidHG. hœhe, OHG. hôhî, f.; comp. Goth. hauhei, f., ‘height.’

hohl, adj., ‘hollow, concave,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. hol, adj.; comp. Du. hol, ‘hollow,’ AS. hol, OIc. holr, adj., ‘hollow’; E. hole is an adj. used as a subst., so too AS., OHG., and MidHG. hol, ‘cave.’ The relation of these cognates, which point to Goth. *hula-, ‘hollow,’ to the equiv. AS. holh, E. hollow, has not been explained. The word is usually connected with the root hel (in hehlen), ‘to conceal by covering’; Goth. hulundi, f., lit. the hiding place, ‘cave.’

Höhle, f., ‘cavity, cave, burrow,’ from MidHG. hüle, OHG. holî, f., ‘excavation, cave’; allied to hohl.

Hohn, m., ‘scorn, scoffing,’ from MidHG. (very rare), hôn, m., OHG. (very rare), hôna, f., ‘scorn, mockery, ignominy’; a fem. subst. formed from an old adj., OHG. *hôn, represented by hôni, ‘despised, ignominious, base,’ Goth. hauns, ‘base,’ AS. heán (obsolete in the beginning of the MidE. period), ‘base, miserable, ignominious.’ With this is connected the vb. höhnen, from MidHG. hœnen, OHG. hônen, wk. vb., ‘to abuse’; comp. Goth. haunjan, ‘to degrade,’ to which hauneins, ‘humility,’ is allied; AS. hŷnan, ‘to degrade, humble’ (from the OHG. vb. Fr. honnir, ‘to cover with disgrace,’ and honte, ‘disgrace,’ are derived). It corresponds in the non-Teut. language to Lett. kauns, ‘shame, ignominy, disgrace,’ Lith. kuveti-s, ‘to be ashamed’; hence Goth. hauns. ‘humble, base,’ can hardly have originated in the sensuous meaning ‘base.’

Höker, see Hocke.