Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/207

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from LG. The word had orig. a more general sense, and was not restricted merely to a shed for animals and pigs. Even in ModHG. the earlier meaning ‘hut’ is found; comp. MidHG. kobel, ‘narrow house'; Ic. kofi, m., ‘hut, penthouse, partition.’ In AS. the corresponding cofa is specially used as a choice poetic term for ‘apartment, bed-chamber’; hence E. cove and pigeon-cove. Goth. *kuba, on which these words are based, is wanting. The word is genuinely Teut., as is proved by OHG. chubisi (Goth. *kubisi), ‘hut,’ which, from its form, is a derivative of a far earlier period; comp. also MidHG. kober, ‘basket, pocket,³ AS. cofl, ‘basket.’ See Kobold and Kübel.

Kobold, m., ‘goblin,’ from MidHG. kóbolt, with the variant kobólt, m., ‘fantastic familiar spirit, goblin.’ As the genuinely Teut. household deities, the Kobolde may be regarded as equiv. to the AS. cofgodu, cofgodas, ‘penates, lares’ (unfortunately AS. *cofold or *cofweald, ‘household deity,’ lit. ‘protector of the bedchamber,’ is not recorded); in Goth. probably *kubawalda-. The first component is OIc. kofe, AS. cofa, ‘apartment, chamber’ (see Koben). The MidHG. and ModHG. variants Oppold and Opolt may have been *ôtwalt, Goth. *audawald, ‘Lord of wealth’; the old ôt, ‘wealth,’ has been retained only in proper names like Ottofar, Otfried (Eduard, E. Edward). For the ending -old see under Herold and walten.

Koch, m., ‘cook,’ from the equiv. MidHG. koch, OHG. choh(hh); comp. Du. and OSax. kok, ‘cook’; adopted before the HG. permutation of consonants, at latest in the 6th cent. (contemporaneously with Küche), when the art of cookery and horticulture were introduced from Italy; the word is based on Lat. coquus, or more accurately on the form koko- (comp. Ital. cuoco). The word passed into E. in a different form — AS. côc, E. cook, where the ô, compared with HG. and Lat. ŏ, is due to a change of quantity in an open syllable (comp. Schule and Kuchen); on the other hand, the ŏ of the HG. word is probably derived from the vb. kochen. The earlier Teut. word for kochen is sieden; an OTeut. word for ‘cook’ is wanting. —

kochen, ‘to cook,’ from the equiv. MidHG. kochen, OHG. chohhôn, from Lat. coquere (more accurately *coquâre?). The HG. word could not remain a str. vb.,

because the vowel of the stem differed from the analogy of verbs of that class. In Rom. note Fr. cuire, Ital. cuocere. Comp. also Kuchen.

Köcher, m., ‘quiver,’ from MidHG. kocher, OHG. chohhar, m., ‘quiver,’ yet also generally ‘receptacle’ with the variants, MidHG. kochœre, OHG. chohhâri, MidHG. koger, keger, with an abnormal g apparently in harmony with the obscure OIc. kǫgurr ‘quiver’?), preserved only in kǫgursweinn, kǫgurbarn; OIc. kǫgurr, ‘quilted counterpane, coverlet,’ is an entirely different word, and is connected with a remarkable G. form Köcher, ‘cover.’ AS. cocur, MidE. coker, ‘quiver’; also in MidE. and E. quiver, from OFr. cuivre, which is again derived from the Teut. word (Teut. kokro-, whence MidLat. cucurum, ‘quiver’).

Köder, m., ‘bait.’ The word, on account of its very varied forms and senses, is difficult to explain etymologically, perhaps several words, originally different, have been combined with it; MidHG. köder, koder, këder, korder, körder, kërder, quërder, m., ‘lure, bait, patch of cloth or leather,’ OHG. quërdar also means ‘wick of a lamp’; in ModHG. it signifies, in the various dialects and at different periods, ‘double chin, slime, rag, leather strap, bait.’ With Köder, ‘double chin,’ we may perhaps compare E. cud, AS. cudu, cweodu (Goth. qiþus, ‘belly’?). With the meaning ‘bait,’ Goth. qairrus and HG. kirre may be most closely connected, because quërdar, as the oldest HG. form, points to a Goth. *qaírþra-; with this the Gr. compound δέλεαρ (δελ- for δερ- may be due to a process of differentiation, since a G. form kerdel occurs; and ð, according to Æol. βλῆρ, is perhaps an old guttural, root ger) may be certainly associated, and its variant δέλετρον, which more early corresponds with the G. word; the latter form is usually approved, since it combines the meanings of ‘bait’ and ‘torch’ (corresponding to OHG. quërdar, ‘wick’); in either case E. cud is abnormal. For the other meanings of the G. word no satisfactory etymologies can be found.

Koffer, m., ‘trunk,’ ModHG. only, from Fr. coffre.

Kohl, m.. ‘cabbage,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. kôl, m., with the variants OHG. chôli, MidHG. kœle, kœl, m. (comp. Alem. chœl, kêl), as well as OHG. chôlo, chŏlo, m., MidHG. kôle, kŏle, kŏl, and