KLUGE'S
ETYMOLOGICAL DICTIONARY.
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-a, -ach, a frequent suffix in the formation of the names of brooks and rivers (or rather the places named after them); on the whole, -ach (Urach, Steinach, Salzach, Rotach, Schwarzach) is more UpG., -a more MidG., and LG. (Fulda, Berra, Schwarza); from OHG. aha, ‘running water,’ Goth. ahwa, ‘river' (for details see Au), whence also the names of the rivers Aa (Westph.), Ohe (Hesse). Aal, m., ‘eel,’ from the equiv. MidHG. OHG. âl, m., a term common to the Teutonic dialects; comp. OIc. âll, AS. œ̂l, E. eel, Du. aal (allied perhaps to Alant i.). No original affinity to the equiv. Lat. anguilla, Gr. ἔγχελυς, is possible, for the sounds of the Teut. words differ too much from it; even from *anglu-, OHG. âl or AS. œ̂l could not be derived. Besides, there is no hereditary stock of names of fishes possessed in common by Teut. and Gr. and Lat. (see Fiſch). — Aalraupe, f., ‘eel-pout' (also called Aalquappe, see Quappe), an eel-like fish, originally called Raupe merely; in MidHG. rū̆ppe, OHG. rûppa; as the MidHG. rutte (the equivalent and parallel form) indicates, the base of the word is probably supplied by the Lat. rubêta, from which, through the Teut. custom of displacing the accent in borrowed words (see Abt), we get rúbeta, and then, by the assimilation of the consonants through syncope of the intermediate e, the forms mentioned; names of fishes borrowed in OHG. from Lat. rarely occur. See Quappe. Aar, m., from the equiv. MidHG. ar, OHG. aro, m., ‘eagle’; a prim. Teut. word, which has also cognates outside the Teut. group. Comp. Goth. ara, OIc. are, m., ‘eagle'; further OIc. ǫrn, OHG., MidHG. arn (to which is allied ModHG. Arnold, OHG. Aranolt, orig. sense ‘eagle-guardian'), AS. earn, ‘eagle,’ Du. arend, ‘eagle'; pri- |
marily cognate with OSlov. orĭlŭ, Lith. erélis, ‘eagle,’ Gr. ὄρνις, ‘bird,’ Corn. and Bret. er. W. eryr, ‘eagle.’ See Adler.
Aas, n., from the equiv. MidHG., OHG. and OLG. âs, n., ‘carcass, carrion'; comp. the equiv. AS. œ̂s; allied to eſſen. ab, adv., also a prep. in older ModHG. (hence the modern abhanden, lit. ‘from the hands,’ as well as Swiss patronymics like Ab der Fluh, Ab der Hald), ‘off, away from,’ from MidHG. abe, ab, prep., ‘down from, away from, off,’ adv., ‘down,’ OHG. aba, prep., ‘away from, down from here,’ adv., ‘down.’ Corresponding to Goth. af (ab), prep., ‘down from there, from' (also adv.), MidDu. af, ave, OLG. af, equiv. to AS. of, E. of; orig. cognate with Gr. ἀπό, Sans. ápa, ‘away from.’ Of course phrases like ab Hamburg, do not contain the OG. prep., but are due to incorrect Latinity; since the 17th century commercial language has adopted Latin expressions. Abend, m., ‘evening,’ from the equiv. MidHG. âbent (âbunt); OHG. âband, m.; corresponding to OSax. âƀand, Du. avond, AS. œ̂fen, ‘evening,’ whence E. eve; also the deriv. AS. œ̂fning, E. evening (comp. morning); OIc. aptann; similarly Goth. andanahti, orig. sense ‘forenight,’ and sagqs, lit. ‘setting.’ The SEurop. term corresponding to Gr. ἕσπερος, Lat. vesper, is non-Teut. (comp. Weſt and Winter). A verb aben (ooben), ‘to grow dusk,’ adduced from the Swiss dialects to explain Abend, can be none other than a later derivative of Abend. Moreover, Abend (base êp-) can scarcely be connected with ab (base apo), as if Abend were the waning period of the day. According to old Teut. notions, the evening was regarded rather as the beginning of the following day. See Sonnabend and Faſtnacht. Abenteuer, n., ‘adventure,’ from Mid- |
