Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/283

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passer, ‘to omit, pass.’ Numerous words relating to play are derived from the Fr.; comp. Pasch and Daus. — The meaning ‘to lie in wait, watch,’ comes, however, from Du. passen.

paſſen (2.), vb., ‘to pass muster, suit, be convenient,’ ModHG. only, corresponding to Du. passen, which is found even in the 13th cent.; from Fr. passer. Deriv. päßlich, ‘tolerable.’

passieren, vb., ‘to befall, happen, occur to,’ from Fr. se passer.

Pastete, f., ‘pie, pastry,’ from MidHG. pastête, pastêde, f., from MidLat. pastâta, whence Fr. pâtée, ‘paste’ (for poultry), pâté, ‘pie’ (allied to pâte, Ital. pasta, ‘dough’). Akin also to Du. pastie, E. pasty (comp. paste).

Paß, m., ‘pass, mountain road, passport,’ ModHG. only, from Du. pas, ‘step, passage, pass.’

Pate, m., from the equiv. MidHG. pate (bate), m., ‘godfather, godmother,’ from Lat. pater, the declension being changed to the wk. masc.; Lat. pater spiritualis, ‘sponsor,’ mostly MidLat. patrînus, whence Ital. patrino, Fr. parrain (Du. peet, petekind). MidHG. also pfętter, ‘sponsor’ and ‘child to be baptised,’ from patrînus, whence ModHG. dial. Pfetter, Petter. The initial pf may be due to its having been borrowed at an early period (similarly Du. meter, ‘godmother,’ is borrowed from Lat. matrîna). In Suab. dête, m., and dôte, f., are chiefly used for Pate (dêtle, ‘godchild’), in Bav. Tott, m. and f. With regard to UpG. Gotte, Götti, see under Gote.

Pauke, f., from the equiv. MidHG. pûke (bûke), f., ‘kettledrum'; a difficult word to explain. The Suab. variant baoke seems to be formed by gradation from MidHG. pûke. Perhaps the primit. word is bûggn, bauggn, an old onomatopoetic form.

Pausback, m., ‘person with puffed cheeks,’ allied to MidHG. pfûsen (pfnûsen), ‘to snort,’ with MidG. and LG. initial p.

pauschen, bausen, vb., ‘to puff up, blow up,’ ModHG. only, formed from Fr. poncer, ‘to pounce,’ and ébaucher, ‘to sketch’ (hence the dial. form durchponsen).

Pause, f., from the equiv. MidHG. pûse, f., ‘pause, rest’; borrowed in MidHG. from Fr. pause (Lat. and Ital. pausa), whence also Du. poos and E. pause. The Lat.-Rom. word passed through a G.

medium to the North. Comp. Dan. pause, Swed. paus.

Pavian, m., ‘baboon,’ ModHG. only, formed from Du. baviaan (HG. p for Du. b, as in pappeln); the latter, like E. baboon, is derived from Fr. babouin, ‘baboon’ (Ital. babbuino, MidLat. babuinus). The derivation of these cognates from MidLat. papio, ‘wild dog,’ is not satisfactory; their origin must be sought for somewhere in the South. Late in the 13th cent. the term passed into Rom. and then into E.; in Germany the animal seems to have been shown for the first time at the Imperial Diet at Augsburg in the year 1552 A.D.

Pech, n., from the equiv. MidHG. pëch, bëch (comp. Papst), OHG. pëh, bëh, n., ‘pitch’; MidHG. pfich (very rare), from OHG. *pfih, unless it is a phonetic transcription of the Lat. or LG. word. It corresponds to OSax. pik, n., Du. pik, pek, AS. pič, n., E. pitch; OIc. bik. The Teut. cognates are based on a Lat.-Rom. word; Lat. picem, acc. of pix (with regard to the oblique case as the base comp. Kreuz). Compared with Kreuz from crŭcem, the preservation of the guttural as k and of the vowel quantity in the stem is an important element in the history of the word. Lat. pĭcem was naturalized at a much earlier period in G. than crŭcem, probably in the 7th cent. Comp. further Ital. pece, Fr. poix, ‘pitch,’ from Lat. picem (nom. pix).

Pedant, m., ‘pedant,’ ModHG. only, from Fr. pédant, Ital. pedante, of which the orig. meaning was ‘instructor’ (the ultimate source is Gr. παιδεύειν). “How the word obtained its modern sense is easily seen.”

Pedell, m., ‘beadle, messenger of a court or council,’ first occurs in early ModHG.; from MidLat. bidellus, pedellus; bedelli universitatum is recorded in 1350. As the usher of a court of justice the word bedellus appears as early as the 13th cent., and, like its Rom. cognates (Ital. bidello, Fr. bedeau, ‘beadle’), is derived from OHG. bital, pital (MidHG. bitel), a derivative of OHG. bitten, ‘to invite, cite.’ See Büttel.

Pegel, m., ‘water-mark,’ ModHG. only, from the similar LG. form; comp. Du. pegel, ‘gauge-mark, standard,’ and peil, ‘gauge-mark, scale on which the height of the water is marked.’ These words are derived, like AS. pœgel, E. pail, from a Teut. root pag, which also appears in Alem. pfeχte, pfeχe, ‘to gauge.’