Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/383

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stantis. The primary meaning and further history of the Slav.-Teut. word tûsntî, tûsontî, can no longer be discovered; perhaps Slav. borrowed this word in prehistoric times from Teut. (in Sans. sahasra, Zend hazaṅhra, Gr. χίλιοι for *χέσλιοι, equiv. to gheslio-; in Lat. mîlia, equiv. to Gr. μύρια). —

Tausendgüldenkraut, n., ‘centaury,’ ModHG. only, an erroneous version of the Lat. centaurea (as if it were a compound of centum and aurum. It is really Gr. κενταύριον).

Teer, m. and n., ‘tar,’ early ModHG. only, a LG. word (unknown to Swab. and Bav.); comp. Du. teer, AS. teoro (tyrwe), E. tar, and the equiv. OIc. tjara (to which OIc. tyrviðr, ‘pine-wood,’ is allied). The HG. form Zehr is recorded in the ModHG. period in Hess. These cognates meaning ‘tar’ are old derivatives of a Teut. word trewo-, ‘tree’ (comp. Goth. triu, E. tree), which is based upon Aryan derw-, dorw- (dru), ‘tree, wood’; comp. Gr. δρῦς, ‘oak’ (δόρυ, ‘spear’), OSlov. drěvo, ‘tree, wood,’ and the equiv. Sans. dâru (dru); see also Trog. Teer means lit. ‘the thick oil from trees’ (especially from resinous pine-trees?); comp. Lith. darvà, ‘‘pine-wood,’ and Lett. darwa, ‘tar.’

Teich, m., ‘pond, pool,’ from MidHG. tîch, m., ‘fish-pond, pond’ (it is uncertain whether OHG. dîh, ‘eddy, whirlpool,’ is the same word. The LG. cognates of ModHG. Deich seem to be connected; AS. dîč, E. ditch, dike (OIc. díke), border on the meaning of Teich. Teut. dîko- (from dhîghn-?) may be primit. allied to Gr. τίφος (from dhîghos?), n., ‘pond, bog.’

teig, adj., ‘mellow’ (of fruit), from the equiv. MidHG. teic; allied to the following word.

Teig, m., ‘dough,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. teic (g), m.; corresponding to Du. deeg, AS. dâh, E. dough, and the equiv. OIc. deig, n.; a derivative of a Teut. root dī̆g, ‘to knead,’ from which the adj. teig and ModHG. Tiegel, ‘stewpan,’ are derived. A more general meaning is exhibited by Goth. deigan, ‘to form from clay,’ which is derived from Aryan dhī̆gh, and is connected with Sans. dih, ‘to bedaub, cement, besmear.’ To these are also allied Lat. figulus, ‘potter,’ fingere, ‘to form,’ figura, ‘shape,’ Gr. τεῖχος, τοῖχος (for θεῖχος, θοῖχος), ‘wall.’

Teil, m. and n., ‘part, share, portion,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. teil,

m. and n.; corresponding to Goth. dails, daila, f., OSax. dêl, m., Du. deel, n., AS. dœ̂l (dâl), and E. deal (dole). Teut. dai-li (lo) seems to point to an Aryan root dhai (see tilgen), which is proved by OSlov. dělŭ, ‘part.’ —

teilen, wk. vb., ‘to divide, share,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. teilen (Goth. dailjan), is a denominative, like OSlov. děliti, ‘to share.’ —

teils, adv., ‘partly,’ first used as an adv. in ModHG. — The ModHG. suffix -tel in Drittel, Viertel, &c., is based upon MidHG. teil (dritteil, vierteil, &c.; see also Urtel from Urteil).

Teller, m., ‘plate, salver,’ from the equiv. MidHG. teller, teler (telier), m.; the word was borrowed in the 14th cent. from Ital. tagliere (Fr. tailloir), ‘chopping board,’ which belongs, like Ital. tagliare (Fr. tailler), ‘to cut to pieces,’ to Ital. taglia, ‘incision’; comp. Fr. détail.

Tempel, m., ‘temple,’ from the equiv. MidHG. tëmpel, m. and n., OHG. tëmpal, n.; borrowed during the OHG. period (with ecclesiastical words like Kloster, Altar, &c.) from Lat. templum. A Teut. word used in pre-Christian times for the same idea was OSax. alah, AS. ealh, Goth. alhs.

Tenne, f., ‘threshing-floor,’ from the equiv. MidHG. tęnne, n., f., and m., OHG. tęnni, n. No corresponding word occurs in this sense in the allied Teut. dialects. It has been connected with AS. dęnu, ‘valley,’ AS. and E. den; but Tenne is rather a derivative of Tanne (lit. ‘made of fir’).

Teppich, m., ‘carpet, tablecloth,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. tęppī̆ch, tębech, m. and n.; borrowed probably in the 8th cent. from Romance. The variants OHG. and MidHG. tęppī̆d, tęppī̆t, point immediately to Ital. tappeto, Lat. tapêtum, or rather tapêt- (Fr. tapis). ModHG. Tapet, Tapete, and tapezieren are more recent loanwords; comp. Ital. tappezzare, ‘to paper’ (a room).

Terne, f., ‘three winning numbers (in a lottery),’ ModHG. only, from the equiv. Ital. terno.

teuer, adj., ‘dear, costly, precious,’ from the equiv. MidHG. tiure, tiur, OHG. tiuri; corresponding to the equiv. OSax. diuri, Du. duur, AS. dŷre, deóre, E. dear (to which darling, from AS. deórling, is allied), OIc. dýrr. For the gradation û (ModHG. tûr, ‘esteem’), iu, see dauern (2). The early history of this common Teut. adj., which is wanting only in Goth., cannot be ascertained.