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Dor

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Dra

dorren, vb., from the equiv. MidHG. dorren, OHG. dorrên, ‘to get dry, dry up’; comp. OSax. thorrôn, Goth. *þaurzan. A deriv. of þorz-, which appears in dürr; comp. Lat. torrere, ‘to dry’ (torret is exactly equiv. to OHG. dorrêt, Goth. *þaurzaiþ). Instead of the form *þaurzan, Goth. has gaþaursnan (OIc. þorna), ‘to get dry, dry up,’ which is differently derived (comp. Darre, dürr).

Dorsch, m., ‘torsk,’ simply ModHG., formed from LG. dorsch; corresponds to OIc. þorskr, E. torsk, tusk, from the equiv. Dan. torsk.

Dorsche, f., ‘cabbage-stump, cole-rape,’ with LG. initial d, from MidHG. torse, ‘cabbage-stump,’ OHG. tursö, torso, ‘stalk’; for the change of s to sch comp. birschen. There is a parallel Rom. class (Ital. torso, OFr. tros, ‘stump, morsel’) which is undoubtedly of Teut. origin. The HG. word is probably primit. allied to the Gr. θύρσος, ‘wand.’

dort, adv., ‘there, in that place,’ from the equiv. MidHG. dort, OHG. dorot, probably from darot; Goth. *þaraþa (formed like dalaþa), would be the corresponding adv. in answer to the question where? The OHG. has darôt, ‘thither’; derived from dar, da.

Dose, f., ‘box,’ first occurs in ModHG., from LG. dose, Du. doos (Dan. daase).

Dost, Dosten, m., ‘marjoram,’ from MidHG. doste, toste, OHG. tosto, dosto, m., ‘wild thyme.’ It may be really identical with MidHG. doste, toste, m., ‘bunch, nosegay,’ so that ‘thyme’ would be a specialised meaning. The Goth. word was probably *þusta, ‘shrub.’ Further cognates to help in determining the root are wanting. Comp. Tost.

Dotter (1.), m. and n., ‘yolk,’ from the equiv. MidHG. toter, OHG. totoro, tutar-ei; the ModHG. word seems to have a LG. initial sound. Corresponds to OSax. dŏdro, Du. dojer, AS. dydring, ‘yolk’; a pre-Teut. term for the ‘yolk of an egg’ (see also Ei). AS. dott, m., ‘point, spot,’ E. dot are, on account of LG. dott, dötte, ‘yellow part of the egg,’ to be derived from the same Aryan stem dhut; the orig. sense of Dotter may lave been, therefore, ‘point in the egg.’ The E. term yolk, AS. geolca, is lit. ‘yellow part,’ from AS. geolo, equiv. to E. yellow. In OIc. blóme, ‘yolk.’

Dotter (2.), m., from the equiv. MidHG. toter, m., ‘gold-pleasure’; comp. MidE. doder, E. dodder (‘toad-flax’); Dan. dǫdder,

Swed. dǫdra. Perhaps allied to Dotter (1.), so that the plant was named from its colour (or from the similarity of its seeds to the yolk of an egg?).

Douches, see Dokes.

Doufes, m., ‘prison,’ Jew., from Hebr. tafàs, ‘to seize, take prisoner.’

Drache, m. (with a MidG. d), ‘dragon, kite, termagant,’ from MidHG. trache, (UpG. tracke). OHG. trahho (UpG. traccho), m.; the ModHG. initial sound is to be regarded in the same way as in dichten (comp. MidLG. and MidDu. drâke). The word was naturalised in Germany before the 8th cent.; as in the case of the bird Greif, ‘griffin,’ the dragon as a fabulous beast furnished material for the imaginative faculty of the Germans, and supplanted the native mythological creations. The E. loan-word is equally old — AS. draca, E. drake (in drake-fly or dragon-fly). The word is based on Lat. (Rom.) draco (dracco), which again is derived from Gr. δράκων, ‘dragon,’ lit. ‘the sharp-sighted animal’ (from δέρκομαϊ). E. dragon, is of recent Rom. origin (Fr. dragon).

Draht, m., ‘wire, file,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. drât, m.; comp. Du. draad, AS. þrœ̂d, equiv. to E. thread, OIc. þráðr, Goth. *þrêþs; a dental deriv. of the Teut. root þrê, ‘to turn, twist,’ which appears in ModHG. drehen. The pre-Teut. trê lies at the base of Gr. τρῆσις, ‘hole,’ which is identical in form with ModHG. Draht; for the meaning comp. drehen, Darm.

Drake, LG., see Enterich.

drall, adj., ‘tight, twisted, stalwart, active,’ simply ModHG., akin to MidHG. drël, OIc. þearle, adv., ‘firmly, strongly, very’; from drillen?.

Drang, m., ‘crowd, throng, pressure,’ from MidHG. dranc(g), m., ‘throng, oppression.’ Comp. Du. drang, ‘pressure, throng, desire,’ AS. geþrang, equiv. to E. throng; from dringen.

drängen, vb., ‘to press, pinch, dun,’ from MidHG. dręngen, factitive of dringen. Drangsal is early ModHG.; -sal is the frequent. ModHG., suffix, the older form of which is as isal, Goth. isl, AS. and E. -ls. Goth. formed from the same stem, but by a different gradation, an abstract þreihsl, ‘hardship, oppression.’

draus, draußen, ‘outside, abroad,’ from daraus, daraußen; comp. MidHG. drabe, from dar abe; ModHG. dran, from daran, drin, from darin.