Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the Norn Language in Shetland Part I.pdf/510

b). — *jaðra, vb., to form an edge, etc. See the preceding word.

“*jaraman”, sb., the extent of landed property? The word is found in a judicial letter of the 3rd of July, 1604, with regard to the construction of some fences in Whiteness (“The uter dyke of Quhytnes to be biggit”, in “Acts and Statutes”). In this letter it is decreed that the inhabitants were to build these fences “ilk person according to his jaraman” (written ȝaraman; compare the mode of spelling “ȝeir” = yeir: year), which seems to mean: every one in proportion to the extent of his property. *jarðarmagn? O.N. jarðarmegin, n., the extent of landed property; O.N. magn, n., = megin, n., main; strength; might.

jarb, jarbind, sb., see jardbind, sb.

jarb [jarb], vb., to harp upon one subject, see jarp, vb.

jard, sb., see jar, sb.

jard¹, vb., see jar, vb.

jard² [jard], vb., properly to bury; now esp. in sense of to press down, squeeze; he’s jarded him [‘himself’] in at de fire, i’ de muckle chair, he has settled himself down in the arm-chair (the “great” chair) by the hearth, indicating a lengthy visit. N.I. — O.N. jarða, vb., to earth, bury; in No. (jorda) also used in sense of to fell, to lay on the ground. — From U. is reported jaderd [jādərd], perf. part. in sense of bogged, sunk down or stuck fast in a bog; de coo [‘cow’] is jaderd in a jarf. jaderd prob. by metathesis of jarded, jardet, prop. buried. — See jerd, vb.

jardbind [jarbend, -bond, jarbe‘nt, -bə‘nt], sb., a cold and dry, continuous north-east wind (generally in the spring), prop. “earthbinder”, because this wind is said to “bind the earth” = to make it dry and

hard, thus damaging the corn (see bind, vb.). Conn. In Du. is found a mutilated form jarb [jarb]. *jarðbindi or -bind, “earthbinder”. In other places in Shetl. (esp. in N.I.) the word is found without the first part of the compd. jar(d); see further under binder, sb. The word “harr [har]” or “har [hār]” (L.Sc. harr, haar), is now mostly used in Shetl. as a designation for this wind.

jardbind [(jar·bɩnd··) jar·bäind··], vb., applied to a cold and dry, continuous north-east wind, and also to frost: “to bind” the earth; to make it very hard; to j. de eart’. de eart’ was just jardbinded [jar·bäin··dəd] wi’ frost, the earth had become frost-bound. Yⁿ. *jarðbinda. See the preceding word as well as bind, vb.

jardfast [jar·fast·, jarfast·], sb., a stone (attached to a rope or simmen) by means of which something is weighted down, “earthfastened”, esp. one of the heavy stones fastened to a rope in order to secure hay- or corn-stacks against storm and squalls; comm. in pl.: jardfasts. N.I. *jarð-festr (-festi)? See fast, fasti, sb. The verb jardfast is more common than the substantive; see the foll. word.

jardfast [jar·fast· (jārd·fast·)], vb., “to earthfasten” something, to load down something, esp.: a) to secure corn- or hay-stacks by means of ropes (simmens), weighted with heavy stones, to j. de corn or hay; b) to secure a boat from being carried away by storm, squalls or surf, by means of stones and the like placed in the bottom of it, or to fasten it by a rope to an earthfast stone or to any other heavy object. Fairly comm. The current pronunc. is “jar·fast·”. The pronunc. “jārd·fast·”, esp. reported in the phrase “to j. de corn”, is most