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the phonetic development has its counterparts in the Prakrits, the modern Aryan vernaculars and the Dravidian idioms also. InBengali and Marathi (Symbol missingTelugu characters)ల (l) comes in instead of ద​ or త​ (d or t) as a sign of the preterite and passive participles, In Malayalam తాత్పర్య (tatparya) is pronounced తల్పర్య​ (talparya.) Here then we see d = l = r  ద్వద్వ = దొందు = లొండు = రొండు and then the subsequent changes are well known. Cp also children అతౖ(Symbol missingTelugu characters)(Symbol missingTelugu characters)డ Kan. అతౖ, అతౖౄ ,అతౖలం. Prak అ(Symbol missingTelugu characters), ఎత(Symbol missingTelugu characters) Skt అతని. We thus see the importance of paying attention even to the language of children and of the backward classes I shall leave this point by referring to an example of how affinities may be suspected in the language of the backward classes who in very many cases preserve old forms Take the form ఆ(Symbol missingTelugu characters)ద్ది in Telugu occuring in the speech of very backward Telugu people, meaning 'it becomes'; take also the