soon grew popular as a preacher, and exercised a wide influence for good. His stay in New Ha- ven, however, was short, and in the summer of the same year he accepted an assistant minister- ship in St. James's, Philadelphia, of which Bishop White was rector. The next year he was elected professor of divinity in Washington (now Trinity) college, Hartford, Conn., and in March, 1831, be- came rector of St. Stephen's church, New York city. In December of the same year he was elect- ed rector of St. Thomas's, New York. In this office he remained until 1843, and was soon the most eloquent pulpit orator in the Episcopal church. The house of bishops, at the general convention of 1835, nominated Dr. Hawks missionary bish- op in Louisiana, and in the territories of Arkan- sas and Florida. The nomination was concurred in by the house of deputies, but Dr. Hawks de- clined the appointment. At the same convention he was appointed historiographer of the church and conservator of documents. He spent several months in England in 1836, and, from the libraries and public records there, obtained no less than eighteen large folio volumes of manuscripts relat- ing to the Church of England in America. He entered at once upon his work as historiographer and prepared in due season two volumes. These having been severely criticised, Dr. Hawks was so vexed that he resolved to abandon the work. Al- though abundant materials were at hand for church history in New York and other states, the historiographer published nothing further. In 1837, in conjunction with Rev. Dr. Caleb S. Henry, he founded the " New York Review," a quarterly, and contributed freely to its pages. The " Review " did good service during its six years of existence. In 1839 he established St. Thomas's hall, a school for boys, at Flushing, L. I. For a time it was suc- cessful ; but financial embarrassments came upon it, and Dr. Hawks, through its failure, became in- volved in debt. This was in 1843, and led to his resigning the rectorship of St. Thomas's, and re- moving to Holly Springs, Miss., where one of his daughters resided. He was elected bishop by the convention of that diocese, but at the general con- vention of 1844 opposition was made to his con- firmation on the ground of pecuniary troubles connected with his unfortunate enterprise. Dr. Hawks made his most eloquent address in vin- dication of his conduct, fully clearing himself in relation to charges of dishonorable transactions. The house voted to this effect, and referred the whole question back to the diocese of Mississippi. Although the diocese unanimously expressed its entire confidence in Dr. Hawks, he nevertheless deemed it best to decline the bishopric. In 1844 he went to New Orleans as rector of Christ church in that city, which office he occupied five years. While there the University of Louisiana was founded, and he was elected its first president. He was again urged to return to New York, which he did in 1849, becoming rector of Calvary church in that city. Wealthy friends relieved him of all outstand- ing obligations in connection with St. Thomas's hall (to the amount of $30,000), and his position became one of increased usefulness. In 1852 he was elected bishop of Rhode Island, but declined. In 1859 he was invited to occupy the chair of his- tory in the University of North Carolina, but de- clined that also. He received the degrees of D. D. and LL. D. from the same institution at the be- ginning of the civil war. Dr. Hawks, whose sym- pathies naturally were with the south, resigned his rectorship of Calvary and removed, in 1862, to Baltimore, where he became rector of Christ church. In 1865, however, he returned to New York, where a new congregation was gathered and a building begun in 25th street for the chapel of the Holy Saviour. The corner-stone was laid 4 Sept., 1866, and this was Dr. Hawks's last public act. His health being completely broken, he sank rapidly into the grave. He was a great as well as good man, a faithful minister, an orator of high rank, and a deserving author. His chief publications were " Reports of Cases adjudged in the Supreme Court of North Carolina " (4 vols., Raleigh, 1823-8) ; " Contributions to the Ecclesiastical History of the United States of America " — vol. i., " On the Early Church in Virginia" (New York, 1836); vol. ii., " On the Church in Maryland " (1839) ; " Commen- tary on the Constitution and Canons of the Prot- estant Episcopal Church in the United States " (1841) ; " Auricular Confession in the Protestant Episcopal Church" (1850); and "History of North Carolina " (vol. i., 1857). Dr. Hawks also translated Rivero and Tschudi's " Antiquities of Peru " (1854), and edited several valuable historical Works, among them the " State Papers of Gen. Alexander Hamil- ton " (1842) ; Perry's " Expedition to the China Seas and Japan " (1852-'4) ; Appletons' " Cyclo- paedia of Biography " (1856) ; and the " Romance of Biography " (12 vols.). In conjunction with Rev. William S. (now Bishop) Perry, he brought out volumes i. and ii. of the " Documentary History of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States " (1863-'4). See a memorial volume, with a sketch of his life, by Rev. N. L. Richardson (1868). — His brother, Cicero Stephens, P. E. bishop, b. in New Berne, N. C, 26 May, 1812 ; d. in St. Louis, Mo., 19 April, 1868, was graduated at the Univer- sity of North Carolina in 1830. He studied law, but abandoned it for theology, which he studied under Bishop Freeman, and was ordered deacon, 8 Dec, 1834, and ordained priest, 24 July, 1836, by Bishop B. T. Onderdonk. While in deacon's orders he was in charge of the church in Ulster, and, on being made priest, became rector of Trinity, Sau- gerties, N. Y. In 1837 he accepted the rectorship of Trinity church, Buffalo, N. Y., where he re- mained for six years. In 1843 he removed to Mis- souri and became rector of Christ church, St. Louis. He was appointed bishop of Missouri by the house of bishops, with the concurrence of the house of deputies, in 1844, and was consecrated, 20 Oct., 1844. During the cholera epidemic of 1849 in St. Louis he was untiring in his ministrations to the suffering. In recognition of his services at this time he was given a purse of $3,000 by Christ church, and a residence in Paul street by the citizens of St. Louis. He contributed to vari- ous journals, edited the " Boys' and Girls' Libra- ry," and the " Library for my Young Country- men," and published " Friday Christian ; or the First Born of Pitcairn Island.
HAWLEY, Bostwick, clergyman, b. in Camillus, N. Y., 8 April, 1814. He was graduated at Wesleyan university in 1838, taught in Cazenovia, N. Y., in 1838-'42, joined the Oneida conference of the Methodist Episcopal church in 1839, and has held numerous pastorates in New York state. In 1872-'81 he was superintendent of public schools in
Bennington, Vt. Wesleyan university, of which he has been a trustee since 1871, conferred on him the degree of D. D. in 1863. He has published, besides various sermons and school reports, "Close Communion" (New York, 1863); "Manual of
Methodism " (1868); "Nature, Design, and General Rules of the Methodist Episcopal Church" (Philadelphia, 1870) ; " Working and Speaking for Christ" (New York, 1873) ; " Ministerial Education " (1875);
