dence Conference Seminary, East Greenwich, R. I., after which, from 1861 to 1868, he followed his profession in various capacities and in different localities. Again, from 1863 to 1867, he taught the sciences in Franklin, N. Y., and in 1867 he became professor of physics and chemistry in Antioch College, where he remained until 1870, when he was called to occupy a similar chair in Iowa Agricultural College. During 1872 he accepted the professorship of physics in the then recently established Cornell University, which he still occupies. Although his work has been principally that of teaching, he has found time to gratify his fondness for mechanics. He designed and constructed, during the years 1857-'61, two turbines, one of which gave an efficiency of 81 per cent., whose floats were carefully formed to curves deduced from a mathematical investigation of the flow of fluids. In 1875 he constructed a Gramme dynamo-electric machine for 25 ampères and 250 volts. This was built at a time when only the most general descriptions of such machines were at hand. He has also made a large tangent galvanometer which measures accurately currents from 1/10 to 250 ampères. Prof. Anthony is a member of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. His published papers include contributions read before these societies, and other numerous scientific articles which have appeared in the “American Journal of Science,” “Journal of the Franklin Institute,” the “Popular Science Monthly,” and several electrical journals. He is joint author with Prof. C. F. Brackett of an “Elementary Text-book on Physics” (New York, 1885).
ANTONELLI, Juan, engineer, b. in Gaeta, Italy,
about the middle of the 16th century; d. in Spain
in 1616. He went to Cuba in 1584, where he made
the plan and superintended the construction of the
Morro Castle and Punta Fortress in Havana, in
1589. Before they were finished he went to Vera
Cruz, Mexico, and planned the famous fortress of
San Juan de Ulua. He returned to Cuba, and
afterward went to Spain, where he died.
ANTONIO DE SEDILLA, better known as
" Pere Antoine," clergyman, b. in Spain about
1730 ; d. in New Orleans in 1829. He was sent to
Louisiana as commissary of the inquisition, with
power to put it in force in that colony, and ar-
rived there, with five other Capuchin friars, in 1779.
The governor, Miro, fearing a revolution if the
Spanish laws against heretics were applied, forci-
bly seized Fra Antonio and the other monks and
sent them back to Spain. Four years later Pere
Antoine, as he came to be called, returned to New
Orleans in the capacity of priest of St. Louis cathe-
dral, the only church 'in the city, and his goodness
and charity made him the idol of the French popu-
lation during his long pastorate. He gave all that
he had to the poor and lived a life of the greatest
abstemiousness, sleeping on hard boards in a rude
hut that he constructed under a date-palm tree
that stood in his garden. When the United States
purchased Louisiana, Claiborne wrote to Jefferson
that no opposition to the new dominion need be
feared if Pere Antoine could be won over. The
president solicited his interest ; but the old priest
took no part in the crisis, refusing to meddle with
politics. The palm-tree under which he lived and
died became, in memory of the good father, a famous
landmark in New Orleans. It was said to have
been planted by a Turk in 1727; but Sir Charles
Lyell, in his " Second Visit to New Orleans," as-
serts that Pere Antoine planted it himself. The
tree was made the subject of Aldrich's story of
" Pere Antoine's Date Palm," and of romances by
Dimitry and Lafcadro Hearn. Many traditions
associated with the tree are given in Gayarre's
" History of Louisiana." It bloomed for the last
time in 1858, but retained some life and verdure
until in July, 1886, it was entirely dead.
ANZOÁTEGUI, José Antonio (an-tho-ah'ta-gee), Venezuelan soldier, b. in Barcelona, Venezuela,
in 1789 : d. 15 Nov., 1819. When the revolutionary
war began he was twenty-one years old, and at
once entered the ranks of the revolutionist army.
Promotion followed rapidly, and he soon became
one of the chief commanders, and as such took part
in the victories won against the royal troops in San
Felix and Boyaca.
APES, William, author, b. about 1800. He
was an Indian preacher of the Pequot tribe, and
published " A Son of the Forest " (Boston, 1831) ;
" Experiences of Five Christian Indians of the Pe-
quot Tribe " (1833) ; " Indian Nullification " (1835) ;
and a " Eulogy on King Philip " (1836).
APODACA, Juan Ruiz (ah-po-dah'-ka), Span-
ish naval officer, b. about 1770; d. in 1835. He
entered the service in 1770, and distinguished him-
self in several encounters with the English. In
1807 he was given the command of a fleet, and the
next year he captured the French fleet in Cadiz.
About 1810 he was appointed captain-general of
Cuba and Florida, and in 1816 he was transferred
to Mexico as viceroy of New Spain. While in Mexi-
co he suppressed several strong bands of insur-
gents, and for this and other services he was re-
warded by his government with the title of Count
of Venadito. He returned to Spain in 1822, and
was subsequently promoted to the rank of captain-
general of the navy.
APPEL, Theodore, clergyman, b. in Easton,
Pa., 30 April, 1823. He was graduated at Marshall
college, Mercersburg, Pa., in 1842, was ordained in
the Reformed church, and held pastoral charges
in Waynesboro, Pa., and Cavetown, Md. He be-
came in 1851 professor of mathematics, physics, and
astronomy in Marshall college, at the same time
acting as pastor of the Reformed church in Mer-
cersburg and editing the Mercersburg " Review,"
and from 1853 to 1877 he filled the same chair in
Franklin and Marshall college, Lancaster, Pa. From
1877 to 1886 he was general superintendent of home
missions for the eastern part of the Reformed
church, and travelled on business connected with
that office through Pennsylvania, Maryland, Vir-
ginia, and North Carolina. From 1881 to 1886 he
edited the " Reformed Missionary Herald." He
has published " Recollections of College Life "
(Reading, Pa., 1886).
APPLE. Thomas Gilmore, educator, b. in
Easton, Pa., 14 Nov., 1829 ; d. in Lancaster, Pa., 17
Sept., 1898. He was graduated at Marshall college,
and was a pastor of the German Reformed church
from 1853 to 1865. In the latter year he was
chosen president of Mercersburg college, which he
left in 1871, and became a professor in the Lancas-
ter theological seminary. In 1878 he was elected
president of Franklin and Marshall college. He
edited for several years the " Mercersburg Review "
and the " Reformed Quarterly Review."
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APPLETON, Daniel, founder of the publishing house of D. Appleton & Co., New York, b. in Haverhill, Mass., 10 Dec., 1785; d. in New York, 27 March, 1849. He began business as a dry-goods merchant in his native place, but subsequently went to Boston, and in 1825 removed to New York, where he began the importation of English books in conjunction with his dry-goods business. The book department was placed in charge of William
