war he practised medicine in Jenkintown. but soon was elected to the chair of chemistry and natural science in Franklin-Marshall college, Lancaster, Pa. Later he became professor of natural history in Girard college, Philadelphia, where he continued until his death. He was early a member of the academy of natural sciences, and an active partici- pator in its work. Possessed of considerable me- chanical skill, he constructed scientific instruments, and also devised several processes that have since become of commercial value.
BUDINGTON, William Ives, clergyman, b. in
New Haven, Conn., 25 April, 1815 ; d. in Brooklyn,
N. Y., 29 Nov., 1879. He was graduated at Yale
in 1834, and studied theology in New Haven and
at Andover, where he was graduated in 1839. La
AprU, 1840, he was installed as pastor of the First
church in Charlestown, Mass., and remained there
until 1854, when he removed to Philadelphia. He
intended to enter upon a pastorate there, but
changed his plans in consequence of the death of
his wife. In December of the same year he accept-
ed a call to the Clinton Avenue Congregational
church in Brooklyn. The church flourished under
his charge, and he became a leader in the denomi-
nation. In maintaining orthodoxy and resisting
innovations, he was supported by his congrega-
tion. His death was caused by a cancer, from
which he suifered for two years. Dr. Budington's
publications were the " History of the First Church
of Charlestown " (1845) ; a sermon on " Patriotism
and the Pulpit," delivered at the anniversary of
the American educational society of Boston in
1861 : an address on " The Relations of Science to
Religion," delivered at Yale college in 1871 : and
"Responsive Worship" (New York, 1874).
BUEL, Jesse, agriculturist, b. in Coventry,
Conn., 4 Jan., 1778 ; d. in Danbury, Conn., G Oct.,
1839. He was originally a printer. He began the
Troy "Budget" in 1797, and the Poughkeepsie
" Guardian " in 1801, failed, and removed to Kings-
ton, N. Y., where he edited the " Plebeian," re-
moved to Albany in 1813, and established the
" Argus," which he edited until 1821, when he re-
tired to a farm on an elevated and sandy tract
near Albany, which was unproductive luider the
prevailing system of cultivation, but which lie
made one of the best farms in the state by deeper
tillage and the application of fertilizers. Pie was
in 1823 a member of the state assembly, for many
years a judge, whig candidate for governor in 183(i,
and at the time of his death a regent of the state
university. In 1834 he established the " Culti-
vator," which exerted great influence among agri-
culturists, and was the means of effecting many
improvements in husbandry. He delivered numer-
ous addresses and published the " Farmer's In-
structor," in ten volumes, and the " Farmer's Com-
panion, or Essays on the Principles and Practice
of American Husbandry " (New York, 1839).
BUEL, Richard Hooker, engineer, b. in Cum-
berland. Md., 9 Nov.. 1842. He was graduated at
Rensselaer polytechnic institute, Troy, N. Y.. in
1862, was an engineer officer in the U. S. navy in
1862-'7, and in 1870 assistant civil engineer in
the Tehuantepec canal survey. Mr. Buel has pub-
lished -'The Cadet Engineer" (Philadelphia, 1875);
" Safety- Valves " (New York, 1878) ; additions to
Weisbach's " Mechanics of Engineering" on heat,
steam, and steam-engines (1878) ; and " The Com-
pound Steam-Engine and its Steam-Generating
Plant " (1884).
BUELL, Abel, mechanic, b. in Killingworth,
Conn., about 1750; d. in New Haven about 1825.
His youth was spent as an apprentice to a gold-
and silver-smith, and his skill in engraving led
him, before he became of age, to alter ingeniously
a colonial note. This act was detected and pun-
ished. The first lapidary machine is believed to
have been constructed by him. Later he estab-
lished a type-foundry, and, unaided, completed
several fonts of long-primer type. He then re-
moved to New Haven, and was employed by Ber-
nard Romano in the construction of a map of
North America. For this purpose he surveyed the
coast about Pensacola. and afterward eugraved the
map that was published during the revolutionary
war. In consideration of his various services to
the public he was restored to his civil rights by
the legislature. Subsequent to the war he was em-
ployed by the state in coining, for which he de-
vised all of his own apparatus. He then visited
England, where he acquired some knowledge of
the machinery used in the manufacture of cloth,
and on his return erected a cotton-factory in New
Haven, one of the first in the United States.
BUELL, Don Carlos, soldier, b. on the site of
Lowell, Ohio, 23 March, 1818 ; d. near Rockport,
Ky., 19 Nov., 1898. He was graduated at the U. S.
military acad-
emy, entered
the army, be-
camefirst lieu-
tenant, and
won the bre-
vet of captain
at Monterey,
and of major
at Contreras
and Churu-
busco, where
he was severe-
ly wounded.
He served as
assistant adjutant-general at Washington in 1848-
'9, and at
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the headquarters of various departments till 1861. was made a lieutenant-colonel on the staff, 11 May, 1861, and appointed brigadier-general of volunteers, 17 May, 1861. After assisting in or- ganizing the army at Washington, he was assigned in August to a division of the Army of the Po- tomac, which became distinguished for its dis- cipline. In November he superseded Gen. W. T. Sherman in tlie department of the Cumberland, which was reorganized as that of the Ohio. The campaign in Kentucky was begun by an attack upon his pickets at Rowlett station, near Mun- fordsville, on 17 Dec. On 14 Feb., 1862, Gen. Buell occupied Bowling Green. On the 23d. with a small force he took possession of Gallatin, Tenn., and on the 25th his troops entered Nashville, sup- ported by gunboats. He was promoted major-gen- eral of volunteers on 21 March, 1862. and on the same day his district was incorporated with that of the Mississippi, commanded by Gen. Halleck. He arrived with a part of a division on the battle- field of Shiloh, near the close of the first day's action, 6 April. Three of his divisions came up the next day, and the confederates were driven to their intrenchments at Corinth. On 12 June he took command of the district of Ohio. In July and August Bragg's army advanced into Kentucky, capturing several of Buell's posts, compelling the
