James Buchanan. During the Mexican war he accompanied the volunteers of his state as sutler, in January, 1847. When the civil war began he was living in retirement upon his estate on the banks of the Susquehanna, but upon urgent en- treaty accepted the appointment of colonel of the 79th (Highland) regiment of New York state mili- tia. He was killed while gallantly leading his men in a charge at Bull Run. — Simon's son, James Donald, senator, b. in Middletown, Dauphin co., Pa., 14 May, 1888, was graduated at Princeton, in 1852, entered the Middletown bank as clerk, be- came cashier, and afterward president. He was also president of the Northern Central railway company of Pennsylvania from 1803 until the road was leased by the Pennsylvania railroad in 1874, and in this place did good service to the national cause during the civil war. The road, although several times cut by the Confederates, was a means of communication between Pennsylvania and Wash- ington, and after the war it was extended, imder Mr. Cameron's administration, to Elmira, N. Y., so as to reach from the great lakes to tide-water. Mr. Cameron has since been connected with various coal, iron, and manufacturing industries in his state. He was secretary of war under President Grant from 22 May, 1876, till 8 March. 1877, and was then chosen IT. S.. senator to fill the vacancy caused by his father's resignation. He was re- elected in 1879, and again in 1885, for the term ending in 1891. He was a delegate to the Chicago republican conventions of 1868 and 1880. and chair- man of the national republican committee in the latter vear.
CAMINATZIN (cah-me-naht-zeen'), also called
Cacamatzin, Cacamaziii, Cacuiuatzin, and Ca-
cumazin, Mexican king, d. in 1521. He was
nephew of Montezuma, reigned over Tezcoco, the
principal city of Anahuac, and made an official visit
to Cortes at Ayotzinco. When Caminatzin sug-
gested a declaration of war against the foreigners,
the proposal was received with enthusiasm, and he
called upon the Spaniards to leave the country im-
mediately. Cortes was preparing to march against
Tezcoco. when the representations of Montezuma
concerning the defences of the town and the dar-
ing of the population induced him to change his
plan and resort to treason. At his instigation
Montezuma invited his nephew to Mexico to be-
come reconciled with the Spaniards. Caminatzin
answered that he could enter Mexico only to de-
stroy the oppressors of his country. Montezuma
then despatched secret agents to Tezcoco to get
possession of the young prince. His officers and
friends were corrupted, and he was delivered by
them to Cortes, imprisoned, and subsequently re-
placed on the throne by his brother Cuicuitzcatzin.
He was released after the expulsion of the Span-
iards from the city of Mexico, and is supposed to
have perished soon after in the siege.
CAMINHA DE MENESES, Antonio Telles da (cah-meen'-ya). Marquis de Rezende, Brazilian diplomatist, b. in Torres-vedras, Portugal, 22 Sept., 1790; d. in Lisbon, 8 April, 1875. Being in Brazil during the war of independence, he adhered to the
revolutionary party, entered the diplomatic ser-
vice, and was Brazilian minister plenipotentiary in
Paris, St. Petersburg, and Vienna. On his return
to Brazil he was appointed to a high office in the
imperial household. He was a member of various
European scientific societies. His principal works
are " Descripgas e recordagoes historicas," " Elogio
historico de Jose de Seabra de Silva," " Memoria
historica de dom frei Francisco de S. Luis Saravia,"
"Titulo de Augusto," "Eclaircissements historiques
sur mes negotiations relatives aux affaires de Por-
tugal depuis la mort du roi don Jean VI.," and
translations from the French and other languages.
CAMMERHOFF, John Frederick, Moravian
bishop, b. near Magdeburg, Germany, 28 July, 1721;
d. 28 April, 1751. He was educated at Jena, and
when but twenty-five years of age was consecrated
a bishop, 25 Sept., 1746, in London, and sent to
America as Bishop Spangenberg's assistant. He
began his work with enthusiasm, helping to
superintend the churches, going out to preach to the
settlers of Pennsylvania and New York, and
promoting the mission among the Indians. His friendly
ways and great zeal made such an impression
upon the aborigines that the Iroquois formally
adopted him into the Turtle tribe of the Oneida
nation, giving him the name of Gallichwio, or “A
Good Message.” He frequently visited the Indian
country, and gained many converts. In 1750 he
undertook a visit to Onondaga, the capital of the
Six Nations, enduring hardships and dangers with
the fortitude of an apostle. His journal of this
tour, which occupied three months, and embraced
a distance of 1,600 miles, is full of startling
incidents and hair-breadth escapes. Cammerhoff's
physical frame was too weak to bear the strain of
such journeys, and he died at the age of twenty-nine.
When the Iroquois heard of his death, they
mourned for him as for a brother. “He was,” they
said, “an honest, upright man, in whose heart no
guile was found.” Thirty-one years later,
Zeisberger, apostle of the western Indians, heard his
name mentioned among them with deep respect.
He was a fine scholar and a powerful orator.
CAMPBELL, Alexander, merchant, b. in Scotland about 1707 : d. there about 1790. Some years
before the revolution he emigrated to America and
was a merchant in Falmouth, Va. On the break-
ing out of the war he adhered to the cause of the
crown, lost his property, and returned to Scotland
in 1776, in a very impoverished condition. He
settled in Glasgow, and there his son Thomas, the
distinguished poet, was born in 1777. Archibald
Campbell, brother of Alexander, an Episcopal min-
ister and a whig, remained in the country and had
Washington and Lee among his parishioners. An
elder brother of the poet married a daughter of
Patrick Henry.
CAMPBELL, Sir Alexander, Canadian statesman, b. in Yorkshire, England, in 1822 ; d. in Toronto, 24 May, 1892. He was of Scottish descent, and came to Canada when a child, receiving his early tuition from a Presbyterian minister at
Lachine, where his parents had settled, and subsequently attended the Roman Catholic seminary of St. Hyacinthe in the same place. His education was completed at the royal grammar school of Kingston. He studied law in the office of John
A. Macdonald, and in 1848 was admitted as an attorney, and at once formed a partnership with Mr. Macdonald. In 1858 he was elected to the legislative council in the liberal conservative interest for the Cataraqui division, in 1862 was chosen speaker of the council, and in 1864 was asked to form a cabinet, but declined. He accepted the portfolio of crown lands commissioner in the Tache-Macdonald ministry in 1864, which he retained until the confederation in 1867, at which date he was called to the senate. On 1 July of the same year he became postmaster-general, and about six months afterward resigned this office to become
minister of the interior, which office he held until his party went out of power on 5 Nov., 1873. From that time until the resignation of the Mackenzie ministry he was leader of the opposition in the
