stitution (New York, 1800); "Natural Theology" and " Instinct in Animals and Men," two courses of lectures before the Lowell institute, Boston (1867 and 1872); "Strength of Men and Stability of Nations," five baccalaureate sermons; (1878-'7); "Hope of the Righteous" (1877); and edited "Public Service of the State of New York" (8 vols., Boston, 1881). A full list of his articles can be found in the " Williams Obituary Record " for 1883.
CHADWICK, George Whitfield, musician, b.
in Lowell, Mass., 13 Nov., 1854. He went to
Germany, where for two years he studied under Jadassohn
and Reinecke. Then he settled in Munich
and studied theory and organ-playing under
Rhemberger for nearly a year. He now resides in Boston.
His overture, “Rip Van Winkle,” was
performed at the Handel and Haydn festival in Boston
in May, 1880, and his symphony in C in 1882,
at a concert of the Harvard musical association.
He has composed several less important works.
CHADWICK, John White, clergyman, b. in
Marblehead, Mass., 19 Oct., 1840. He was graduated
at Harvard divinity school in 1864, and during
the same year was called to the pastorate of
the 2d Unitarian society in Brooklyn. His
sermons have attracted attention, and he is known as
a radical teacher of the doctrines of his church.
Mr. Chadwick was elected Phi Beta Kippa poet at
Harvard in 1885, and in the following year preached
the alumni sermon at the Harvard divinity school.
He has published many of his discourses, which
for some time were issued serially, and is a
frequent contributor to the Unitarian journals. His
publications in book-form are: “Life of N. A.
Staples” (Boston, 1870); “A Book of Poems”
(1875); “The Bible of To-day” (New York, 1878);
“The Faith of Reason” (Boston, 1879); “Some
Aspects of Religion” (New York, 1879); “The Man
Jesus” (Boston, 1881); “Belief and Life” (New
York, 1881); “Origin and Destiny” (Boston, 1883);
“In Nazareth Town: A Christmas Fantasy” (1884);
and “A Daring Faith” (1885).
CHAFFEE, Jerome Bunty, senator, b. in
Niagara county, N. Y., 17 Ajjril, 1825 ; d. in Salem
Centre, Westcliester co., N. Y., 9 March, 1886. His
education was limited, but his energy and common
sense largely compensated for the lack of school
training. He was for several years a clerk in a
country grocery store, and when he came of age
had saved enough money to remove to Adrian,
Mich., and begin business for himself as a dry-
goods merchant. He lived in Adrian for about
six years, married, and became the father of four
daughters. His wife died at Adrian, and he re-
moved to St. Joseph, Mo. At this period he be-
came interested in public matters, and, through
his acquaintance with Zaehariah Chandler, fa-
miliar with the machinery of party politics.
After establishing an extensive frontier trade, Mr.
Chaflfee opened a bank in St. Joseph, and carried
it on for three years, when he removed to Elm-
wood, Kansas, and became president of a land
company. In 1859 the gold-mining fever tempted
him to Colorado, and he was one of the fii'st set-
tlers of Denver. As early as 1861 he had estab-
lished a small stamp-mill, and laid the foun-
dation of a large fortune, which was acquired
mainly in mining ventures. His previous political
exj^erience enabled him to take a prominent part
in the civil organization of the territory, and he
represented it in congress until 1876, when Colo-
rado became a state, and, with Henry M. Teller as
nis colleague, he was elected to represent it in the
U. S. senate. From the first he was prominent as
a republican leader, but was very independent in
his ideas, and so bitterly opposed some of President
Grant's measures that their personal friendship
was for a time interrupted. After the marriage of
his daughter with U. S. Grant, Jr., in 1882, the
friendship was renewed. While his health per-
mitted, Mr. Chaffee maintained his active interest
in politics, and he was chairman of the republican
national executive committee during the presiden-
tial canvass of 1884.
CHAILLE, Stanford Emerson, physician, b.
in Natchez, Miss., 9 July, 1830. He is of Hugue-
not descent, and the great-grandson of Col. Peter
C!haille, of revolutionary times. His education
was received at Phillips Andover academy and at
Harvard, where he was graduated in 1851. He
then studied in the medical department of the
University of Louisiana, and received his degree in
1853. Subsequently he spent three years studying
in Paris and elsewhere in Europe. Dr. Chaille held
numerous hospital appointments before the war,
and was medical inspector of the Confederate army
of Tennessee in 1862-'3, and subsequently in charge
of various military hospitals. He was demonstrator
of anatomy in the medical department of the Uni-
versity of Louisiana from 1858 till 1867, lecturer on
obstetrics in 1865-'6, professor of physiology and
pathological anatomy from 1867 till 1886, and dean
of the medical department and professor of physi-
ology and hygiene in the collegiate department of
Tulane university in 1884-'6. He was elected a
member of the Louisiana state board of health in
1877. In 1879 he became associated with the work
of the National board of health as president of the
Havana yellow-fever commission, from 1880 till
1883 he was supervising insi^ector at New Orleans,
and in 1884 was made a member of the board. He
is a member of many medical societies, and was an
honorary member of the International medical con-
gress held in Philadelphia in 1876, and chosen to
deliver one of the eight addresses on that occasion.
His contributions to medical literature are numer-
ous, and many of them have appeared in the " New
Orleans Medical and Surgical Journal," of which
he was co-editor and proprietor from 1857 till
1868. In addition to his report on " Yellow Fever
in Havana and Cuba," published by the National
board of health, he has prepared several congres-
sional reports, and is the author of pamphlets on
the " Laws of Population and Voters " (1872) ;
" Living, Dying, Registering, and Voting Popula-
tion of Louisiana, 1868 and 1874 " (1875) ; " In-
timidation and Voters in Louisiana" (1876).
CHALKLY, Thomas, preacher, b. in London, England, 3 March, 1675; d. in Tortola, West Indies, 4 Sept., 1741. His parents belonged to the sect of Friends, and he was brought up in that
faith. He was sent to school in the suburbs of London, at some distance from his home, and was frequently beaten and stoned by those of opposing beliefs. In 1695 he was pressed on board of a man-of-war, but on being asked to fight, refused, saying: "As for war and fighting, Christ forbade it in his excellent Sermon on the Mount, and for that reason I could not bear arms nor be instrumental to destroy or kill men." After serving an apprenticeship of seven years to his father, he followed his calling for a short time, and then began his career as an itinerant preacher, travelling throughout England. He determined to visit America, landed in Maryland in 1698, and spent
a year preaching in Virginia and New England. Subsequently he returned to England, married, and, after journeying through Ireland, he decided to settle permanently in America. He selected Philadelphia as his home, and made preach-
