visited Italy with Kensett, and, revisiting Europe in 1847-'8, painted a panorama of the Rhine. Since 1853 he has passed his summers at North Conway, N. H., where he has a cottage and studio, and has painted many White mountain views, as well as those of Switzerland, which are owned in and around Boston. He was president of the Boston art club in 1858, and in 18()5-'G he again visited Europe, spending a summer in Brittany.
CHAMPNEY, James Wells, painter, b. in Boston, Mass., 16 July, 1843. When sixteen years old
he began his art education under a wood-engraver
in Boston. In 1863 he served a short time in the
45th Massachusetts volunteers, and later taught
drawing in Lexington, Mass. In 1866 he went to
P^urope, and studied in 1867-8 in Paris under
ifidouard Frere, and in Antwerp at the academy.
After spending the winter of 1869-'70 in Rome, he
returned to the United States and opened a studio
in Boston, but was in Europe again in 1871-'3. In
1873 he travelled in the southern United States to
make sketches for Edward King's " New South,"
and in 1874-'5 went again to Europe and sketched
in Spain during the Carlist war. In 1876 he built
a studio in Deerfield, Mass., where he has since
spent most of his summers, his winter studio be-
ing in New York city. Mr. Champney is a mem-
ber of the American society of painters in water-
colors, and in 1882 was elected an associate member
of the National academy. His works include
" Which is Umpire '^ " (1871) ; " Sear Leaf " (1874) ;
"Not so Ugly as he Looks " (1875) ; '-Your Good
Health" (1876); "Where the Two Paths Meet"
(1880); "Indian Summer" (1881); "Bonny Kil-
meny," " Boarding-School Green-Room " (1882) ;
"Pamela," " Hide-and-Seek," "Eunice" (1884);
" In May Time," " He Loves Me " (1885) ; " Satur-
day Eve," " Griselda," " Song without Words "
(1886). — His wife, Lizzie Williams, b. in Ohio in
1850, is the author of " In the Sky-Garden," a book
of astronomical fables (Boston, 1876) ; " All Around
a Palette " ; " Bourbon Lilies " ; and other tales
and sketches, besides a novel called " Sebia's Tan-
gled Web," and " Three Vassar Girls in South
America " (1885). Most of these books were illus-
trated bv her husband.
CHAMPNEYS, Benjamin, jurist, b. in Bridge-
ton, Cumberland co., N. J., in January, 1800 ; d. in
Lancaster, Pa., 9 Aug.. 1871. After studying
under a private tutor in New York city he entered
Princeton, but left college on his father's death,
and studied law with Chief-Justice Ewing, of New
Jersey, and afterward at Lancaster, Pa., where he
was admitted to the bar on 2 April, 1818. He was
deputy attorney-general of the mayor's court, Lan-
caster, from 1824 till 1830, deputy attorney-general
of the county till 1833, and president-judge of the
second judicial district from 1839 till 1842. He had
served in the lower house of the legislature in 1825
and 1828, and from 1843 till 1846 was a member
of the state senate. He was attorney-general of
the state from 1846 till 1848, when he resigned.
He was sent to the state house of representatives
again in 1863, and to the senate in 1864, 1865, and
1866. Judge Champneys was a democrat till the
civil war, when he became a republican.
CHANCELLOR, Charles Williams, physician,
b. in Spottsylvania county, Va., 19 Feb., 1833. He
was educated at Georgetown college, D. C, and at
the University of Virginia, and was graduated at
Jefferson medical college, Philadelphia, in 1853.
He practised in Alexandria, Va., till 1861, and dur-
ing the civil war was medical director on the staff
of Gen. Pickett, in the Confederate army. After
the war he practised in Memphis, Tenn., till 1868,
when he was elected professor of anatomy in Wash-
ington university, Baltimore, Md. He was made
dean of the faculty in 1869, and transferred to the
chair of surgery in 1870. He resigned in 1873,
was elected secretary of the State board of health
in 1876, and president of the State insane asylum
in 1877. He has published a " Report upon the
Condition of the Prisons, Reformatories, and Char-
itable Institutions of Maryland," made to the
governor of the state (Frederick, Md., 1875); a
treatise on " Mineral Waters and Sea-side Re-
sorts " (Baltimore, 1883) ; and a large number of
monographs on medical and sanitary subjects, in-
cluding " Contagious and Infectious Diseases "
(Baltimore, 1878) ; " Drainage of the Marsh Lands
of Maryland " (1884) ; " A Sanitary Inspection of
Elkton, Md." (1886); "Heredity" (Philadelphia,
1886) ; and the " Sewerage of Cities " (Baltimore,
1886). He has also read papers before the Ameri-
can public health association on " The Squalid
Dwellings of the Poor" (1884); and " Impure Air
and Unhealthy Occupations as Predisposing Causes
of Pulmonary Consumption " (1885). Dr. Chan-
cellor is a fellow of the Royal society of London.
CHANCHE, John Mary Joseph, R. C. bishop,
b. in Baltimore, Md., in 1795 ; d. in Frederick, Md.,
in 1853. He was educated at St. Mary's seminary,
Baltimore, ordained in 1819, appointed professor
in St. Mary's, and subsequently vice-president, and
in 1834 succeeded Dr. Eccleston as president. He
was offered the place of coadjutor to the archbishop
of Baltimore and to the bishop of Boston succes-
sively, but declined. He was chosen as master of
ceremonies to the second provincial council of Bal-
timore, and was chief promoter of the first national
council. On the formation of the see of Natchez,
Dr. Chanchc was nominated bishop, and conse-
crated in 1841. He found his diocese without
church or priest; but the Catholics in Natchez
were generous and zealous, and by their aid he was
enabled to begin the building of a cathedral in
1842. He also opened an academy for young ladies,
and conducted missions among the colored people
with success. He visited Havana in 1844 with the
object of examining documents, which, he thought,
would prove the title of the Catholic church to
property in Mississippi, at the time in possession
of the United States, but was unsuccessful. In
1848 he introduced the sisters of charity from Em-
mettsburg, and founded St. Mary's orphan asylum
and school. He enibailicd for France toward the
end of the year 1848, with the purpose of uniting
the sisters of charity of the United States with the
same order in that country, and his efforts were
crowned with success. During his occupation of
the see of Natchez he built eleven churches and es-
tablished thirty-two missionary stations.
CHANDLER, Abiel, philanthropist, b. in Con-
cord, N. II., 26 Feb., 1777 ; d. in Walpole, N. H.,
22 March, 1851. He was occupied in agricultural
labors until twenty-one years of age, and subse-
quently attended Harvard, where he was gradu-
ated in 1806. From this time until 1817 he was a
teacher in Salem and Newburyport. He was after-
ward engaged for many years in business in Bos-
ton as the head of the "firm of Chandler, Howard &
Co., from which he retired in 1845 with a fortune.
He bequeathed $50,000 to establish a scientific
school in connection with Dartmouth college, $1,600
for the establishment of a scientific agricultural
school, and the remainder of his estate to the New
Hampshire asvlum for the insane.
CHANDLER, Charles Frederick, chemist, b. in Lancaster, Mass., 6 Dec., 1836. He studied at Lawrence scientific school of Harvard, and abroad
