away by a cannon-ball, he put the mutilated limb in a barrel full of flour to check the hemorrhage, and in that condition continued at his post for three hours, when he died. His flag was nailed to the mast. The British have carefully preserved the hull of the " San Juan," with the name of Chur- ruea inscribed in golden letters upon the entrance to the cabin, and all visitors are required to un- cover their heads on entering. Churruca was dis- tinguished for his knowledge of natural philoso- phy, mathematics, and astronomy, and left many important works, among which are " Treinta y cuatro Cartas esfericas y Mapas geometricos " ; " Carta esferica de las Antillas " ; " Carta particu- lar geometrica de Puerto Rico " ; " Carta esferica de las Islas Caribes de Sotavento " ; " Metodo geometrico para determinar todas las inflexiones de la quilla de un buque quebrantado " ; and " In- struccion sobre punterias."
CHUTE, Horatio Nelson, physicist, b. in
Grovesend, Ontario, Canada, 26 Dec, 1847. He
was graduated at the University of Michigan in
1872. From 1867 till 1869 he was principal of
public schools in Aylraer, Ontario, and from then
until 1870 instructor in Latin and English in
Woodstock college. In 1873 he was appointed in-
structor in mathematics and the physical sciences
in the high school at Ann Arbor, Mich. He has
published " Complete School Register " (Detroit,
1878); "Complete Class Register" (1878); "Sys-
tem of School Reports " (1878) ; " Complete Record
Book" (1879); "Arithmetical Cabinet " (1879) ; and
a " Manual of Practical Physics "^(1886).
CIEZA, or CIEA DE LEON, Pedro (the-ay'-thah day lay-on'), Spanish historian, b. in Seville about 1520. He accompanied Pizarro to Peru, and resided seventeen years in that country. He wrote a book entitled " Cronica del Peru," which is full of interesting information relative to the geography
and history of that region.
CIFUENTES, Fray Bernardino (the-foo-en'- tes), Spanish friar, b. in Segovia, Spain, 24 July, 1725 ; d. in California about 1780. He was a son of the Count de Cifuentes, and his real name was Carlos de Cifuentes, that of Fray Bernardino being assumed when he entered his religious order after leading a romantic life. Young Cifuentes was educated at the University of Salamanca, but fled from that place in consequence of a bloody en- counter with a fellow-student and enlisted for mili- tary service in Africa. In 1752 he was promoted to the rank of captain, and lost an arm and a leg in battle. Five years afterward the king of Spain gave him the command of the garrison of Toledo, and there he remained until 1760, when he myste- riously disappeared. From the records of the Fran- ciscan order in California, it appears that in 1766 Carlos de Cifuentes entered that order in Spain, taking the conventual name of Fray Bernardino, and came to America. In June, 1770, a party of Spanish missionaries traversed the deserts of Ari- zona, entered the territory of California, and planted a staff from which hung a white cloth with this in- scription, "Mission de Fray Bernardino." Eight years afterward that mission had become a settle- ment with 200 inhabitants, and when the United States took possession of California it was an im- portant town. The new organization of the state being effected, the name of San Bernardino was given to the town and county, which soon became one of the most prosperous sections of California.
CILLEY, Joseph, soldier, b. in Nottingham, N.
H., in 1735; d. there, 25 Aug., 1799. His father,
Capt. Joseph Cilley, was one of the first settlers of
Nottmgham in 1727. The opportunities for edu-
cation were very slight, and he was self-taught, but
acquired sufficient knowledge of the law to prac-
tise. He was one of the party that in December,
1774, dismantled the fort at Portsmouth. Imme-
diately after the battle of Lexington he raised a
company of volunteers and led them into Boston.
In May, 1775, he was appointed major in Poor's
regiment, and in April, 1777, was commissioned
colonel of the 1st New Hampshire regiment, suc-
ceeding Gen. Stai'k, and served as such until the
close of the Revolutionary war. He commanded
his regiment at Ticonderoga in July, 1777, was
present at the engagement at Bemis Heights in
September. 1777, at the battle of Monmouth in
June, 1778, with Anthony Wayne at the storming
of Stony Pomt, July, 1779, and in Gen. Sullivan's
expedition against the Indians in western New
York. After the war he was appointed the first
major-general of the militia in 1786, and later
served his state in various capacities. He was suc-
cessively treasurer, vice-president, and president of
the Society of the Cincinnati in New Hampshire.
In politics he was a decided repiiblican and a sup-
porter of the administration of Thomas Jefferson.
— His gi'andson, Josepll, U. S. senator, b. in Not-
tingham, N. H., 4 Jan., 1791 : d. there, 16 Sept.,
1887, was educated at the Atkinson academy, and
commissioned ensign in the 18th New Hampshire
regiment. A year later, 12 March, 1812, he was
appointed an ensign in the 11th U. S. infantry, and
in 1814 was promoted to lieutenant in the 21st in-
fantry. He participated in the battles of Chip-
pewa, Lundy's Lane, and Chrysler's Field. At
Lundy's Lane his company led in the famous charge
of Col. Miller's regiment on the British battery,
where nearly half of his men were either killed,
wounded, or missing. Lieut. Cilley was wounded,
and every officer in his company was either killed
or wounded. He received the brevet of captain
for gallantry on the field, and was retained in the
army when it was placed on a peace footing, but
resigned in July, 1816. Subsequently he held ap-
pointments in the New Hampshire militia, and was
quartermaster in 1817, division inspector in 1821,
and aide on the staff of Gov. Benjamin Pierce in
1827. He was elected as a democrat to fill the va-
cancy in the U. S. senate caused by the resignation
of Levi Woodbury, and served from June, 1846,
until March, 1847. At the close of his term he re-
tired to his farm in Nottingham, where he resided
till his death, the oldest living ex-senator. An-
other grandson, Jonatlian, lawyer, b. in Notting-
ham. N. H., 2 July, 1802 ; d. in Bladensburg, Md.,
24 Feb., 1838, was graduated at Bowdoin in 1825,
numbering among his classmates Hawthorne and
Longfellow. Subsequently he studied law with
John Ruggles, U. S. senator from Maine, in Thom-
aston. Almost immediately after his being admit-
ted to the bar he entered political life, and from
1829 till 1831 edited the " Thomaston Register."
In 1832 he was a presidential elector, and was
elected as a democrat to the state legislature, and
re-elected till 1837, becoming speaker in 1836 and
the acknowledged leader of his party in the legis-
lature. In 1837 he was elected as a Van Buren
democrat to congress, serving from 4 Sept., 1837,
till his death. The death of Mr. Cilley was the
result of a duel with William J. Graves, a con-
gressman from Kentucky. The affair originated
in a speech delivered by Mr. Cilley in the house of
representatives, in which he criticised a charge of
corruption brought against some unmarried con-
gressman in a letter published in the New York
" Courier and Enquirer " over the signature of "A
Spy in Washington," and approved in the editorial
