ing no relief, returned to Wilmington in Septem- ber, 1881. During bis residence in Baltimore he published a translation of Bouchardat's " Annual Abstract of Therapeutics, Materia Medica, Phar- macy, and Toxicology for 1867." His writings were chiefly contributions to medical journals, his last regular paper being communicated to the "American Journal of the Medical Sciences" for October, 1878, entitled " The Muscle of Accommo- dation, and its Mode of Action." He devised a new and efficient form of inhaler for anresthesia, and a new form of canule scissors for operating within the eye. He demonstrated by frozen sec- tion that after the extraction of the lens the len- ticular fossa disappears, and the anterior surface of the vitreous becomes convex.
DE KOTTENBURG, Baron, British soldier, b.
about 175() ; d. in England in 1833. After serving
in the British army in different parts of the world
and attaining the rank of brigadier-general in
May, 1810, he was transferred to the staff in Cana-
da. He took command of the garrison of Quebec,
and the same year was promoted to major-general.
At the beginning of the American war in 1812 he
was assigned to the Montreal district, took com-
mand of the force in Upper Canada in 1813, and
was appointed also administrator of that province.
In 1814-'5 he commanded the left division of the
army in Canada, and in Sejitember of the latter
year returned to England. — His son, who became
Baron De Rottenburg at his father's death, was b.
about 1807. He entered the British army as a cor-
net in 1825, and in 1837 served in Canada during
the rebellion, and received the brevet rank of ma-
jor. Subsequently he served in the 46th foot, and
was nominated as assistant adjutant-general in
Canada. In July, 1855, he was appointed adju-
tant-general of the militia of Upper Canada, which
rank he retained until June, 1858, when he was
appointed to the lieutenant-colonelcy of the 100th
regiment (Canadian), recently organized and em-
bodied in the British army.
DE RUSSY, Louis d., soldier, b. in New York
in 1796 ; d. in Grand Ecore, La., 17 Dec, 1864. He
was graduated at the U. S. military academy in
1814, and made 3d lieutenant in the" 1st artillery.
He served in the war of 1812-'5, with Great Brit-
ain, as acting assistant engineer in erecting tempo-
rary defences for New York city and its environs,
and was in garrison in New York harbor in 1815-'6,
when he was made battalion adjutant of artillery.
In 1819 he became topographer of a commission to
establish the northern boundary of the United
States under the treaty of Ghent. He became cap-
tain of the 3d artillery in 1825, and in the follow-
ing year was made paymaster and major. In 1842
he was dropped from the army, and became a
planter at Natchitoches, La. In 1846 he served in
the Mexican war at Tampico, and became colonel
of the 1st Louisiana volunteers. He completed
the defences of the place, opened a new channel to
Tamessie river, held various civil offices, and was
engaged in the fight at Callabosa river and in the
skirmish of Tantay^ika. He was a civil engineer
from 1848 till 1861, employed in making unprove-
ments in navigation, and from 1851 till 1853 was a
member of the Louisiana house of representatives,
and from 1853 till 1855 of the senate. He was
major-general of Louisiana militia from 1848 till
1861, when he entered the Confederate army. — His
brother, Rene Edward, soldier, b. in Hayti, W. I.,
22 Feb., 1789; d. in San Francisco, 23 Nov., 1865.
He was a son of Thomas de Russy, of St. Malo,
France, who came to New York in 1791. and re-
moved to Old Point Comfort, V"a., where he re-
sided many years. The son was graduated at the
U. S. military academy in 1812, and made 2d
lieutenant of engineers. He served in the war of
1812-'5, with Great Britain, as assistant engineer
in constructing defences at New York and atSack-
ett's Harbor, N. Y., and participated in the cam-
paigns on the St. Lawrence and Lake Champlain.
In 1814 he was brevetted captain for gallant con-
duct at the battle of Plattsburg. He was chief
engineer of Gen. Macomb's army in 1814, and cap-
tain of the corps of engineers in 1815. He was
assistant engineer in the construction of the fort
at Rouse's Point, N. Y., in 1816, superintending
engineer of the repairs and construction of'fortifi-
cations in New York harbor in 1818, and of defen-
sive works on the Gulf of Mexico in 1821. In
1824 he was brevetted major. He was superintend-
ent of the U. S. military academy from 1833 till
1838, and lieutenant -colonel of engineers from
1838 till 1863. At the beginning of the civil war
he was ordered to the defence of the Pacific coast,
and constructed the fortifications of San Francisco
harbor. lie was also president of the boai'd of
engineers for devising projects and alterations in
the land defences of San Francisco. In 1865 he
was brevetted major-general in the U. S. army for
long and faithful service. — Rene's son, Criistavus
Adolphus, soldier. 1). in Brooklvn, N. Y., 3 Nov.,
1818: d. in Detroit, Mich., 29 May, 1891, having
been three years at West Point, was appointed from
Virginia in the 4th U. S. artillery. He served in the
Mexican war, having been brevetted 1st lieutenant
"for gallant and meritorious conduct " at Contre-
ras and Churubusco, and captain, 13 Sept., 1847,
for gallantry at Chapultepec. He was regimental
quartermaster from 1847 till 1857, and stationed at
Fort Monroe in 1848. He was made 1st lieutenant,
16 May, 1849 ; captain, 17 Aug., 1857 ; brevet major,
25 June, 1862, for bravery displayed in the action
near Fair Oaks, Va. ; brevet lieutenant-colonel, for
the same cause in the battle of Malvern Hill, and
brevet colonel, 17 March, 1863. He was promoted
to be brigadier-general of volunteers, 23 May,
1863 ; brevet colonel, 13 March, 1865 (for services in
the war of the rebellion); and brevet brigadier-
general, for the same cause, on the same day. He
was mustered out of the volunteer service, 13 Jan.,
1866 ; promoted to be major in the regular army,
26 July, 1866 ; lieutenant-colonel, 25 Aug., 1879 ;
colonel 30 June, 1882 ; and was retired by opera-
tion of law, 3 Nov., 1882.
DESANDROUINS, Jean Nicolas, Viscount,
Pi-ench engineer, b. in Verdun, 7 Jan., 1729 ; d. in
France, 11 Dec, 1792. He accompanied Montcalm
to Canada in May, 1756, as captain of the royal en-
gineers, and became his aide and military secretary,
ile was engaged in the defence of Ticonderoga and
in the subsequent operations in Canada. From
1780 till 1783 he was chief engineer in Roeham-
beau's army in this country, was brigadier-general
of infantry, 5 Dec, 1781, and chef de brigade of the
engineer corps. In ilarch, 1788, he was appointed
marechal de camp, and retired 28 Sept., 1791.
DESAULNIERS, Louis Leon L., Canadian physician, i). in Yamachiche. 16 Feb., 1823; d. in Montreal. 31 Oct., 1896. He was educated at Nicolet seminary, and at Harvard, where he was graduated in 1846. He was lieutenant-colonel of volunteers of the county of St. Maurice, and was elected to the Canadian assembly for this constituency in 1854, serving from that time till 1857, and again from 1861 till 1867. In 1868 he resigned to accept the office of inspector of prisons and asylums for the province of Quebec He was a member of the Dominion parliament from 1878 until 1887.
