" oxy-earbureted light," which has been success- fully used for lighting mines and large public places. Du Motay came to New York early in 1879, and was consulting engineer and chemist of the Municipal gas company till his death. While in this country he patented small rotary motors, improvements in steam condensers (1879), and a new method of artificial refrigeration (1880). He left in manuscript a philosophical drama, "The Expiation of Faust."
DUNBAR, Duncan, clergyman, b. in the north-
ern highlands of Scotland about 1791 ; d. in New
York city, 28 -Tiily, 1864. When about twenty
years old he removed to Aberdeen and engaged in
business, occasionally preaching as a layman. He
settled in the province of New Brunswick in 1817,
where he became a Baptist, and was immersed in
the harbor of St. John, 31 Oct., 1818. He was soon
afterward ordained, removed to the United States
in December, 1823, and held pastorates in Phila-
delphia and elsewhere. Most of his ministry was
spent in the McDougal street Baptist church in
New York city. He was for twenty years a member of the board of managers of the American and foreign Bible society. See his life by his son-in-law. "Rev. Jeremiah Chaplin (New York, 1878).
DUNBAR, Moses, soldier, b. in Plymouth,
Conn.; d. in Hartford, Conn., 19 March, 1777. He
was a resident of Bristol (or, as some say, of Water-
Ijury), and was convicted by the superior court in
January, 1777, of holding a captain's commission
under Sir William Howe, and of enlisting men for
the British army. While under sentence of death
he knocked down the sentries and escaped, but was
apprehended, and on the day appointed, after listen-
ing to a sermon at the jail, from Rev. Abraham
Jarvis, of Middletown, was hanged in presence of
" a prodigious concourse of people." It is charged
by Thomas Jones, in his " History of New York,"
that there was no existing law in the colony mak-
ing Dunbar's offence punishable with death, and
that he was condemned under an ex-post-facto
law. His young wife is said to have been treated
inhumanly, being compelled to ride in the cart
with her husband to his execution, and afterward
expelled from Middletown, where she had taken
refuge in a loyalist family. Four exj)resses were
sent to Howe by Dunbar's friends urging him to
stop the execution by threatening retaliation, but
he was inditferent to their appeals.
DUNBAR, Thomas, British soldier, d. in 1767.
He became colonel of the 48th foot. 29 April, 1752,
was stationed in Nova Scotia, and joined Brad-
dock's expedition against Fort Duquesne. Brad-
dock, by Washington's advice, pressed on with
1,200 chosen men on 19 June, 1755, leaving Dun-
bar behind with the residue of the army. After
the defeat of 9 July, Dunbar destroyed his remain-
ing artillery, burned stores and baggage worth
£100,000, pretending that it was done by Braddock's
orders, and ignominiously retreated. Dunbar was
made lieutenant-governor of Gibraltar in 1756,
and promoted to lieutenant-general, 18 Dec, 1760.
DUNBAR, Sir William, pioneer, b. in Scot-
land, about 1740 ; d. in Natchez, Miss., in 1810. He
was educated at Glasgow and London, where his
love for mathematics and astronomy gained him
the friendship of Sir William Ilerschel. He came
to Philadelphia for his health and in charge of a
mercantile venture in 1771, afterward went to
Pittsburg, and in 1773 formed a partnership with
John Ross, a Scottish merchant of Philadelphia,
for the purpose of opening a plantation in the
British province of West Florida. He settled near
Baton Rouge, La., and, after many fluctuations of
fortune, finally removed to Natchez, where he cul-
tivated a plantation called the "Forest." He held
important trusts under the Federal government,
was a correspondent of Thomas Jefferson, Herschel,
and Rittenhouse, and contributed numerous valu-
able papers to the transactions of the American
philosophical society of Philadelphia, of which he
was a member.
DUNCAN, James, soldier, b. in Cornwall, N,
Y., in September, 1810; d. in Mobile, Ala., 3 July,
1849. He was graduated at the U. S. military
academy in 1834, and became 2d lieutenant in the
3d artillery. After serving a year on garrison duty
in Savannah, Ga., he became assistant professor of
mathematics at the military academy. This office
he relinquished to engage in the Florida war, and
was wounded at Ouithlacoochie. He became 1st
lieutenant in November, 1836, and thereafter served
on frontier and garrison duty till 1845. In April,
1846, he was made captain, and subsequently par-
ticipated in the battles of Palo Alto, Resaca de la
Palma, Monterey, Cerro Gordo, Churubusco, and
Molino del Rey ; the assault of Chapultepec, and
the capture of Mexico, receiving the brevets of
major, lieutenant-colonel, and colonel. From 1849
till his death he was inspector-general, with the
rank of colonel.
DUNCAN, James Armstrong, clergyman, b.
in Norfolk, Va., 14 April, 1830; d. in Ashland,
Va., 23 Sept., 1877. His father, David Duncan,
was a graduate of the University of Glasgow, emi-
grated" to the United States, and for forty years
was professor of ancient languages in Randolph-
Macon college, Va., and at Oxford, S. C. James was
graduated at Randolph-Macon in 1849, and joined
the Virginia conference of the Methodist church.
During the civil war he was pastor of the Broad
street church in Richmond, Va., and throughout
this period preserved a conservative attitude, never
permitting politics to enter into his religious dis-
cussions, and endeavoring in every way, after the-
struggle, to promote good feeling between the sec-
tions. From 1868 until his death he was president
of Randolph-Macon college. Dr. Duncan was a
leader in the councils of his church. For many
years he was editor of " The Richmond Christian
Advocate." — His brother, William Wallace, cler-
gyman, b. in Ashland, Va., 20 Dec, 1839, was grad-
uated at Randolph-Macon college in 1858, joined
the Virginia conference the next year, and held
several important charges. During the civil war
he was a chaplain in the Confederate army. In
1875 Mr. Duncan was transferred to the South
Carolina conference, and elected professor of men-
tal and moral philosophy in Wofford college. He
was a member of the general conferences of 1878,
1882, and 1886, and a delegate to the oecumenical
council in London in 1881. The degree of D. D.
was conferred on him in 1882 by Emory college,
Ga., and by Central college, Mo. In May, 1886,
he was elected bishop of the Methodist Episcopal
chureii south. He resides in Spartanburgh, S. C.
DUNCAN, James Henry, lawyer, b. in Haverhill, Mass., 5 Dec, 1793 ; d. there, 8 Feb., 1869. He was graduated at Phillips Exeter academy and at Harvard in 1812. After studying law with Leverett Saltonstall in Salem, he was, in 1815, admitted to the Essex bar, and began to practise in
Haverhill. He was a member of the Massachusetts-state legislature in 1827-8, 1837-8, and in 1857, and of "the governor's council in 1839-'40. From 1828 till 1831 he was a state senator, and then was elected as a Whig to congress, serving from 3 Dec, 1849, till 3 March, 1853. • For many years he was chairman of the board of managers of the Araeri-
