congress, and Gomez was elected a deputy to that body. In 1850 he was a defeated candidate for the presidency. When Santa-Anna declared himself dictator in 1853, Gomez-Farias took part against him, and was one of the committee that elected Alvarez president in October, 1855. He was ap- pointed postmaster-general, and in 1857 took part in the formation of the liberal constitution.
GOMEZ-PEDRAZA, Manuel, Mexican states-
man, b. in Soto la Marina (according to others, in
Queretaro) in 1789 ; d. in the city of Mexico, 14
May. 1851. He was educated in Queretaro, en-
tered the militia, and at the beginning of the
revolution of 1810 remained faithful to the royal-
ists. When Iturbide proclaimed the empire in
1822, Gomez sided with him, and became com-
mander of the city of Mexico. He surrendered
the city to the republican authorities, and in
1825 was appointed by President Victoria secre-
tary of war. He became president in 1828, de-
feating the ultra liberal party under Guerrero,
and the latter, complaining of fraud in the elec-
tions, appealed to arms. Gomez fled to Europe
on 4 Dec, and returned in 1830, but Gen. Busta-
mente ordered him to leave the country immedi-
ately, and he went to the United States, fixing his
residence in Pennsylvania. He was afterward re-
called, and was president again in 1832-'3. In 1841
he was minister of state under the second admin-
istration of Santa-Anna, and in 1842, 1844, and
1845 was deputy to congress, where he acquired
fame as an orator. In 1850 he was again a candi-
date for the presidency, but was defeated, and died
as a director of the government bank of loans.
GONANNHATENHA, Frances, Indian
convert, b. in Onondaga, N. Y.; d. there in 1692.
She had been converted by Father Fremin and
became a model of piety and charity in the
Caughnawaga village to which her husband belonged.
Hearing one day that a hostile party was going in
the direction of the place where her husband was
hunting, she started in her canoe with two others
to give him warning. She fell into the hands of
the enemy, who, after torturing her, brought her to
Onondaga and placed her in the custody of her
sister, who surrendered her. On the scaffold she
made a profession of her faith and of her happiness
in dying for it. A relative used every entreaty
to persuade her to renounce Christianity, and,
maddened by his failure, tore her crucifix from her
neck, and with his knife slashed a cross on her
naked breast. “I thank you, brother,” she said;
“it was possible to lose the cross you have taken
from me, but you have given me one I only can
lose with my life.” She then addressed those present
with great force, exhorting them to embrace
the faith. She was then tortured for three
successive nights and barbarously put to death. The
narrative of her martyrdom is taken from the
accounts of Frenchmen who were prisoners among
the Onondagas at the time.
GONZALEZ, Francisco Javier (gon-thal'-eth).
South American soldier, b. in Colombia in 1760;
d. in Bogota in 1832. He entered the Republican
army in 1810, and continued in active service until
1832, becoming lieutenant in 1810, captain in 1812,
lieutenant-colonel, 11 Jan., 1813, and colonel on 4
Oct. He paid all the expenses of his regiment in
the campaign of 1813-'14, and, after the defeat of
the Republicans in the latter year, returned to Bo-
gota, where he was taken prisoner by the Spaniards
in 1816, and condemned to death. He regained
his liberty by forfeiting his estates and paying .|35,-
000 to his captors. Gen. Morillo, taking advantage
of his extreme poverty, offered him every induce-
ment to enter the Spanish army and organize the
militia, but Gonzalez refused. When the news of
the defeat of the Spaniards in Boyaca reached Bo-
gota, 8 Aug., 1819, the authorities fled, leaving the
capital in the power of a mob. Gonzalez assem-
bled the Republicans, restored order, and guarded
the public treasure, amounting to $4,000,000, until
the arrival of Bolivar, who appointed him gov-
ernor and commander-in-chief of the province of
Cundinamarca. He devoted himself to the task of
organizing and drilling troops during the eleven
years that lie was commander of the province. In
the civil war which followed the war of indepeiul-
ence, Gonzalez served the legitimate government.
GONZALEZ, Jose Maria de Jesus, clergy-
man, b. in Guadalajara, Mexico, 21 Aug., 1803 ; d.
in Santa Barbara, California, 3 Nov., 1875. He
was a member of the order of St. Francis, and was
sent to the San Jose mission, Cal., in 1832. In
1839 he was appointed vice-commissary and presi-
dent of the mission. In 1846 he was made vicar-
capitular of the two Calif ornias, and in 1847 was
nominated bishop. He was vicar-general from
1852 till 1858, and also guardian of the apostolical
college of Zacatecas in 1855. He was appointed
president of the college of Santa Barbara in 1858,
and continued in that office till his death.
GONZALEZ, Manuel, Mexican soldier, b. near
Matamoros Tamaulipas, Mexico, in 1820. He be-
gan to figure in the civil wars of Mexico about
1853, fighting with the reactionary party under
the guerilla chief Mareelino Cobos. (See Cobos.)
Up to 1861 he participated in all the engagements
between the reaction-
ary and the Liberal par-
tisans, and with other
guerillas was the terror
of the valley of Mexico.
He has been many times
wounded in battle, and
his right arm was twice
shattered, once requir-
ing an amputation.
When the allied armies
of France, England, and
Spain invaded Mexico
in December, 1861, he
offered his sword to the
Liberal leader, Juarez.
He was ordered to join
Gen. Vidaurri near the
northern frontier ; but
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in 1863 the latter complained to the secretary of war that Gonzalez was of a rebellious disposition, and requested that he might be recalled. After accompanying the president in his flight from the capital as tar as San Luis Potosi, he made a countermarch to the mountains of Plidalgo, where he maintained him- self till the year 1865. Toward the end of the year, he made a rapid march through the midst of the French and imperial forces, joined Gen. Escobedo, and accompanied him in his advance toward the south. He was promoted colonel in 1866, brigadier-general in 1867, and in June en- tered the capital with Escobedo, Corona, and Ber- riozabal. In 1869 he was appointed governor of the government palace by Juarez, and he occupied this position till 1871, when he was arrested on a charge of complicity in the disappearance from the palace of the gold and silver plate which had belonged to the emperor Maximilian. He took advantage of the revolution of 1871 to escape, and joined the forces of Porfirio Diaz. He after- ward refused to submit to the government of
