of the conception, the truth of the character, or the accuracy of an anatofnical study and me- chanical skill." Among Greenough's marble busts are those of John Adams, John Quincy Adams, John Jacob Astor, James Fenimore Cooper, Henry Clay, Gen. Lafayette, John Marshall, and Josiah Quincy. His ideal sculptures include " Medora," " The Guardian Angel," " Chanting Cherubs," " Venus Victrix," " Venus contending for the Golden Apple," " Lucifer." and " The Graces." For an extended notice of his works, see Henry T. Tuckerman's '* Memorial of Horatio Greenough " (New York, 1853). Greenough's letters to his broth- er Henry have been edited by Frances B. Greenough (Boston, 1887). — His brother, Henry, architect, b. in Boston. Mass., 5 Oct., 1807 ; d. in Cambridge, Mass., 31 Oct., 1883, entered Harvard in 1823, but left in his junior year, and did not receive his de- gree till 1853. He studied painting and architec- ture abroad in 1831-4, 1845-'50, and 1869, planned the Cambridgeport city hall, the Agassiz museum, and many private houses in Cambridge and Boston, including those of Agassiz, Guyot, and Judge Lor- ing. In 1852 he superintended the decoration of the Crystal Palace in New York. He published two novels, " Ernest Carroll " (Boston, 1859), and "Apelles " (1860), and translated for the " Courier " Jules Sandeau's " Sacs et parchemins." — Another brother, Richard Saltonstall, sculptor, b. in Jamaica Plains, Mass., 37 April, 1819, practised his art in Paris at the beginning of his career, and was particularly successful as a sculptor of portrait busts. Returning to the United States, he lived for several years in Newport, R. I., during which time he produced numerous works in bronze and marble. In 1874 Greenough again returned to Europe, where he has since spent most of his time. Among his works are a statue of Franklin, placed in the city-hall square of Boston, the "Boy and Eagle," owned by the Boston athenieum ; a " Car- thagenian Woman " : " Cupid on a Tortoise " ; " Elaine " ; " Circe " ; and a " Psyche," which he erected as a monument to his wife in the cemetery at Rome, Italy. His bust of Shakespeare, founded on the Chandos portrait, has been highly praised. — Richard Saltonstall's wife, Sarah Dana (Lor- ing), author, b. in Boston, 19 Feb., 1837; d. in Franzensbad, Austria, 9 Aug., 1885, married Mr. Greenough in 1846. She published " Treason at Home," a novel (3 vols., London, 1865) ; " Ai^- besques," four stories of the supernatural (Boston, 1871); "In Extremis, a Story of a Broken Law" (1873) : and " Mary Magdalene," a poem (London, 1880 ; with other 'poems, Boston, 1887).— Henry's son. Francis Boott, physician, b. in Boston, Mass., 24 Dec, 1837, was graduated at Harvard in 1859, studied medicine in Pisa and Florence, Italy, and took his degree at Harvard medical school in 1866. In 1871-5 he was an instructor there.
GREENUP, Christopher, governor of Ken-
tucky, b. in Virginia in 1750; d. in Frankfort, Ky.,
24 April, 1818. He served through the Revolution,
attaining the rank of colonel, and at the close of
the war removed to Frankfort, Ky., then the " dark
and bloody ground," where he studied law, and prac-
tised his profession. He was chosen to congi'ess
for three successive terras, serving in 1791-'7, was
governor of the state in 1804-'8, and a presidential
elector on the Madison ticket in 1809.
GREENWALD, Emannel, theologian, b. near
Frederick, Md., 13 Jan., 1811; d. in Lancaster,
Pa., 31 Dec, 1885. His father consecrated him to
the ministry when the boy was only two years old.
When quite young he began a private course of
study in the classics and theology, under Rev.
David F. Schaeffer, at Frederick, Md., and on 18
Oct., 1831, was licensed by the Lutheran synod of
Maryland, at Cumbei'land. In the same year he
started west, on horseback, in order to do mission
work among the scattered Lutherans. He was
prevailed on to settle at New Philadelphia, Ohio,
where he remained until the year 1851, and organ-
ized several congregations in the surrounding
country. In 1843 he founded the "Lutheran
Standard," of which he was editor for several years.
In 1851 he removed to ('olumbus, Ohio, where he
remained pastor of a small English congregation
until 1854. During the latter year he was called
to Easton, Pa., where he remained until 1867. In
1859 the degree of D. D. was conferred on him by
Pennsylvania college, Gettysburg. In 1867 he re-
moved to Lancaster, Pa., as pastor of Trinity Lu-
theran church, where he remained until his death.
From 1867 he was for years a director of the Lu-
theran theological seminary at Philadelphia, and in
1873 he was elected president of the ministerium
of Pennsylvania, the oldest Lutheran synod in
America, which office he held for four years, and
then declined re-election on account of old age and
failing health. For many years he was chairman
of the synod's executive committee, examining
committee, and frequently a delegate to the gen-
eral council. In 1878 he was president of the sec-
ond Lutheran diet, held in Philadelphia. As a
preacher. Dr. Greenwald was simple, yet forcible
and interesting. His works include "An Order of
Family Prayer" (Philadelphia, 1867); "The Lu-
theran Reformation" (1867); "The Foreign Mis-
sion Work of Louis Harms " (1868) ; " Christian
Benevolence," a sermon (1870); "Baptism of Chil-
dren" (1873); "Meditations for Passion Week"
(1873) ; " Young Christian's Manual of Devotion "
(1873) ; " Questions on the Gospel for the Church
Year " (Lancaster, Pa., 1873) ; " Questions on the
Epistles for the Church Year" (1874) ; " Sprinkling
the True Mode of Baptism" (Philadelphia, 1876);
" The True Church, its Way of Justification, and
its Holy Communion " (1876) ; " Romanism and
the Reformation " (Lancaster, 1880) : " Jesus our
Table Guest " (Philadelphia, 1883) ; and " Medita-
tion for the Closet " (Lancaster, 1885). For chil-
dren he published " The Child's Book," " The Lit-
tle Children's Book," and " Sacred Places."
GREENWOOD, Francis William Pitt, clergyman, b. in Boston. Mass., 5 Feb.. 1797; d. in Dorchester, Mass., 3 Aug., 1843. He was graduated at Harvard in 1814, studied theology in Cambridge under Dr. Henry Ware, the elder, and on 31 Oct., 1818. was ordained pastor of the New
South church, Boston. He resigned in 1830 on ac-
count of failing health, and, after a year in Eu-
rope, went to Baltimore, where he edited the " Uni-
tarian Miscellany " for two years. He returned to
Boston in 1834. "and on 39 Aug. became Dr. Free-
man's colleague at King's chapel, of which he was
sole pastor from 1837 till his death. He visited
Cuba for his health in 1837, and in that year and
the following was associate editor of tlie " Chris-
tian Examiner." Harvard gave him the degree of
D. D. in 1839. Dr. Greenwood was fond of concliol-
ogy and botany, and was an early member of the
Boston society of natural history, to whose journal
he was a contributor. His writings arc character-
ized by good taste, poetic imagination, and grace-
ful style. They include "Lives of the Apostles"
(Boston, 1837) ; " History of King's Chapel " (1833) ;
" Sermons to Children " (1841) ; " Sermons of Con-
solation " (1843) ; " Sermons on Various Sul)jects," .
edited, with a memoir by Hon. Samuel A. Eliot
(3 vols., 1844); and "Miscellaneous Writings,"
