sity of Maryland, which place he continued to fill until 1852. In 1847 the faculty of the university placed under his charije the surgical wards of the infirniary, and gave him the chair of pathological anatomy. In 1849 he was appointed an attending physician at the Baltimore city and county alms- house. He now turned his attention to general practice, and particularly to obstetrics. In 1853 he succeeded to the chair of materia medica, thera- peutics, and pathology, and in 1858 he was elect- ed professor of obstetrics, which post he still (1888) occupies. In 1855 he was chosen dean of the faculty. Dr. Miltenberger has been a large contributor to medical literature.
MILTON, John, soldier, b. about 1740. He
fought during the Revolutionary war, and had at-
tained the rank of lieutenant, when, in February,
1777, at the surrender of Fort Howe, Ga., to the
British and Indians, he, with Lieut. William Cald-
well, was given up as a hostage, and confined nine
months in the castle at St. Augustine, Fla. He
afterward became a captain, and was secretary of
state of Georgia, when, on 6 Dec, 1778, he removed
tlie public records to Purrysburg, by order of the
governor, at the approach of the British. At the
close of the war he became a planter, and was ac-
tive in politics. He was again chosen secretary of
state by the legislature in 1781 and in 1783, and in
1789 he received two votes of the Georgia electors
for first president of the United States.
MIMEURE, Victor Emmanuel Leon de, Canadian missionary, b. in Quebec in 1723 ; d. in Dinan. Brittany, in 1791. He was the son of the Marquis de Miineure, who at his death was a lieutenant-general and in command of Fort Oswego on Lake Ontario. The son entered the army as
lieutenant in 1740, but, resigning a few years later,
became a Jesuit, and was employed in the Uru-
guay missions till 1767, when, owing to the ruin
of his establishments by the Portuguese army un-
der Freire de Andrada (q. v.), he returned to France.
He lived in his castle near Dinan till 1791, when
he was killed during the riots in the latter city.
He published " Histoire des etablissements de la
compagnie de Jesus dans les provinces du Para-
guay et de rUruguay " (2 vols., Dinan. 1781) ;
" Origine, histoire, description et statistique du
pays des Sept missions," which may be considered
as an official history of the Jesuit domination in
south Uruguay (2 vols., Dinan, 1785); "Histoire
des etablissements fondes par les Jesuits dans
I'Amerique du Sud, depuis sa decouverte jusqu'en
1750" (4 vols., Dinan, 1787); and other works.
MINA, Francisco Javier (mee-nah), Spanish
revolutionist, b. in Idocin, Spain, in December,
1789 ; d. in San Gregorio, Mexico, 11 Nov., 1817.
He was destined by his parents, who were small
farmers, for a legal career, but abandoned it on
the invasion of Spain by Napoleon, and formed in
his native province of Navarra bands of guerillas
against the French. In 1812 he was taken pris-
oner and did not return to his country till 1814.
With his uncle. Gen. Espoz y Mina, he was con-
cerned in the revolutionary movement of Pamplo-
na to force Ferdinand VII. to grant a constitution.
and on its failure they emigrated to France, 4 Oct.,
1814. Young Mina visited London, where he met
several Mexican patriots, and resolved to assist in
the liberation of Mexico. He went to New Or-
leans, 23 Feb., 1817, where he gathered a force of
adventurers and landed with about'500men in the
roadstead of Soto la Marina on 15 April. After
the desertion of some of his volunteers he marched
in May with about 300 men toward San Luis Po-
tosi, and met on 8 June the division of Gen. Ar-
minan, whom he defeated. He captured the fort
of Sombrero, in the Comanja range, on the 15th,
defeated Ordoiiez at San Felipe on the 20th, and
captured the estate of Jaral, which had been aban-
doned by the owner, the Marquis of Moncada, ob-
taining a quantity of arms and 140,000 francs in
silver. He afterward took the rich city of Leon,
and then retired to the fort of Sombrero, where on
1 Aug. he was besieged by the enemy. After nine-
teen days Mina made a sortie, but was defeated,
and with 100 men took refuge in San Gregorio.
He afterward captured San Luis de la Paz and en-
tered the city of Guanajuato, but his men, scatter-
ing for pillage, were defeated, and Mina barely
escaped with fifty men to the farm of Venadito.
There he was surprised, on 27 Oct., by a force of
500 under Orrantia, captured after a desperate re-
sistance, court-martialed, carried to Fort San Gre-
gorio, and shot there with twenty-five companions.
The news of his capture was celebrated in the capi-
tal by the ringing of bells and firing of cannon,
and the vicerov was created Count of ^^enadito.
MINARD, Abel, philanthropist, b. in Massa-
chusetts, 25 Sept., 1814; d. in Morristown, N. J.,
31 Jan., 1871. He was early left an orphan, bui:
attained wealth by persistent effort, first learning
the trade of a tanner, and afterward engaging in
commerce. He went to California in 1846, re-
moved to Lockport, N. Y., in 1856, and in 1866
settled in Morristown. N. J. Besides giving to vari-
ous charitable objects, he founded the Minard home
in Morristown, at an expense of $50,000, for the edu-
cation of female orphans of Methodist clergymen.
MINER, Alonzo Ames, clergyman, b. in Lemp-
ster, N. H., 17 Aug., 1814; d. in Boston, 14 June,
1895. His grandfather, Charles, was a soldier of
the Revolution. Alonzo received an academical
education, and was a teacher for several years. He
was principal of an academy at Unity, N. H., in
1835-'9, and in June of the latter year was ordained
as a Uni versalist clergyman, afterward holding pas-
torates at Methuen, Lowell, and Boston. He was
president of Tufts college. Medf'ord, Mass., from
July, 1862, till November, 1874, when he returned
to his former charge in Boston. He had been a
member of the Massachusetts board of education
from 1869, chairman of the board of visitors of the
State normal art-school from 1873, was president
of the State temperance alliance, and was Prohibi-
tion candidate for governor in 1878. He was the
original projector of the Universalist publishing-
house, Boston, edited " The Star of Bethlehem,"
contributed to periodicals, and was well known
as an anti-slavery and temperance lecturer. He
received the degree of D. D. from Harvard in 1863,
and was elected by the legislature an overseer of
that institution the same year.
MINER, Charles, journalist, b. in Norwich, Conn., 1 Feb., 1780; d. in Wilkesbarre, Pa., 26 Oct., 1865. In 1799 he removed to the Wyoming valley, where with his brother he established the "Luzerne Federalist." This was superseded by the "Gleaner," for which he wrote a series of humorous sketches, which were widely read. He subsequently became assistant editor of the "Political and Commercial Register" of Philadelphia, and later with his brother established in West Chester the "Village Record," for which he wrote
over the signature of "John Harwood." In 1825 he was elected to congress from Pennsylvania, and served from 5 Dee. of that year till 3 March, 1829, when he declined re-election, owing to deafness. He was opposed to slavery and friendly to agriculture and the silk-growing interest, which latter he introduced in the United States and popular-
