ner, attorney-general of New Jersey, d. at Wistlorpe House, Marlow. England, in 1843.
ROBINSON, Charles, governor of Kansas, b.
in Hardwick, Mass., 21 July, 1818; d. in Lawrence,
Kansas, 17 Aug., 1894. He was educated at
Amherst college, but was compelled by illness to leave
in his second year. He studied medicine at
Woodstock, Vt., and at Pittsfield, Mass., where he
received his degree in 1843, and practised at Belchertown,
Springfield, and Fitchburg, Mass., till 1849,
when he went to California by the overland route.
He edited a daily paper in Sacramento called the
“Settler's and Miner's Tribune” in 1850, took an
active part in the riots of 1850 as an upholder of
squatter sovereignty, was seriously wounded, and,
while under indictment for conspiracy and murder,
was elected to the legislature. He was subsequently
discharged by the court without trial. On his
return to Massachusetts in 1852 he conducted in
Fitchburg a weekly paper called the “News” till
June, 1854, when he went to Kansas as confidential
agent of the New England emigrants' aid
society, and settled in Lawrence. He became the
leader of the Free-state party, and was made chairman
of its executive committee and commander-in-chief
of the Kansas volunteers. He was a member
of the Topeka convention that adopted a
free-state constitution in 1855, and under it was elected
governor in 1856. He was arrested for treason and
usurpation of office, and on his trial on the latter
charge was acquitted by the jury. He was elected
again by the Free-state party in 1858, and for the
third time in 1859, under the Wyandotte constitution,
and entered on his term of two years on the
admission of Kansas to the Union in January,
1861. He organized most of the Kansas
regiments for the civil war. He afterward served
one term as representative and two terms as senator
in the legislature, and in 1882 was again a
candidate for governor. In 1887 he became superintendent
of Haskell institute in Lawrence.—His
wife, Sarah Tappan Doolittle, author, b. in
Belchertown, Mass., 12 July, 1827, was educated
at the New Salem academy, and married Dr.
Robinson at Belchertown on 30 Oct., 1851. Her
maiden name was Lawrence. She has published
“Kansas, its Exterior and Interior Life” (Boston,
1856), in which she describes the scenes, actors, and
events of the struggle between the friends and foes
of slavery in Kansas, during which her house was
plundered and burned, and her husband was
imprisoned for four months.
ROBINSON, Charles Seymour, clergyman, b.
in Bennington, Vt,, 31 March, 1829: d. in New
York city, 1 Feb., 1899. He was graduated at
Williams, studied theology at Union seminary, and
in 1852-'3 at Princeton, and on 19 April, 1855, was
ordained pastor of a Presbyterian church in Troy.
N. Y. In 1860 he took charge of a church in
Brooklyn. In 1868-'70 he had charge of the Ameri-
can chapel in Paris. In 1870 he became pastor
of a congregation in New York city, which soon
afterward erected the Madison avenue Presbyte-
rian church, resigning in 1887. He received the
degree of D. D. from Hamilton in 1867 and that of
LL. D. from Lafayette in 1885. Dr. Robinson has
published volumes of sermons and other works t hat
have passed through several editions, and collections
of hymns and tunes that are extensively used. The
titles of his publications are " Songs of the Church "
(New York, 1802) : " Songs for the Sanctuary "
(1865); "Short Studies for Sunday-School Teachers"
(1868); "Bethel and Penuel" (1873); "Church
Work " (1873) ; " Psalms and Hymns " (1875) ; " Cal-
vary Songs for Sunday-Schools " (1875) ; " Spiritual
Songs for Church and Choir" (1878) : "Studies in
l lie New Testament" (1880); "Spiritual Songs for
Social Meetings" (1881); "Spiritual Songs for
Sunday-Schools" (1881); "Studies of Neglected
Texts" (1883); "Laudes Domini" (1884); "Ser-
mons in Songs" (1885); "Sabbath Evening Ser-
mons" (1887) ; "The Pharaohs of the Bondage and
the Exodus " (1887) ; and " Simon Peter, his Life
and Times "(2 vols., 1888).
ROBINSON. Christopher, soldier, b. in West-
moreland county, Va., in 1760; d. in York (now
Toronto), Upper Canada, in 1798. He was a de-
scendant of Christopher Robinson (1645-'90). elder
brother of Dr. John Robinson, bishop of Bn~tnl
and London, who came to America in 1660 and
was afterward secretary of the colony of Virginia.
The younger Christopher was educated at William
and Mary, and early in the Revolution fled to New
York, where he received a commission in the
Loyal American regiment under his relative, Bev-
erly Robinson. He served at the south, and was
wounded, and at the peace went to Nova Scotia
and received a grant of land at Wilmot. He soon
removed to Upper Canada, was appointed inspector
of the reserves of the crown, and finally settled in
York. In 1796 he represented the counties of Len-
nox and Addington in the assembly. His son. Sir
John Beverly, bart., b. in Berthier, Lower Can-
ada, 26 July, 1791 ; d. in Toronto, 30 Jan., 1863,
studied law, meanwhile serving as a clerk of the
assembly, and, on being admitted to the bar in
1812, was appointed attorney-general of Upper
Canada, which office he held till 1815. He was
solicitor-general in 1815-'18, attorney-general in
1818-'29, and chief justice of Upper Canada from
15 July, 1829, till his death. He was for eighteen
years a member of the legislature, serving about an
equal length of time in each chamber. When the
war of 1812 began he was one of a company of 100
volunteers that followed Sir Isaac Brock in the ex-
pedition that led to the capture of Detroit, and he
was present at the battle of Queenstown Heights.
In November, 1850, he was appointed a companion
(civil division) of the order of the Bath, and he was
created a baronet, by patent, 21 Sept., 1854. He
was chancellor of Trinity college, Toronto, and the
author of several works on Canada. John Bev-
erly's son. Sir James Liikin, of Toronto, suc-
ceeded him as second baronet, 30 Jan., 1803. An-
other son, John Beverly, Canadian lawyer, b. at
Beverly house, Toronto, 21 Feb., 1820 ; d. 18 June,
1896, was educated at Upper Canada college, studied
Itnv, and was admitted to the bar of Upper Canada
in 1844. He served during the rebellion of 1837
as aide-de-camp to Sir Francis Bond Head, and
part iciptited in the engagement near Toronto. He
began the practice of law at Toronto, was president
of its city council, and was elected mayor in 1857.
Mr. Robinson represented Toronto in the legisla-
tive assembly of Canada from 1857 till 1861, and
West Toronto from the latter date till 1863. He
was elected for Algoma to the Dominion parlia-
ment in 1872, and sat until the dissolution in 1874.
Mr. Robinson was also a member of the executive
council of Canada, and president of that body
in the Cartier-Macdonald administration from 27
March till 21 May, 1862. He was lieutenant-gov-
ernor of Ontario in 1880-'7.
ROBINSON, Christopher Blackett, Canadian publisher, b. in Thorah, Ont,, 2 Nov., 1837. He was educated at the public schools and by private tuition, engaged in journalism in 1857, and edited
the " Canadian Post" in Beaverton. In 1861 he removed this paper to Lindsay, where he. published it for ten years. In 1871 he sold his interest in the
