charlatans. He described the constitutional effects of general electrization in the " New York Medical Record " in 1866, and subsequently wrote, with Dr. Beard, five articles on " Medical Uses of Elec- tricity" which attracted much attention and were translated into various European languages. In 1868 he published an article on " General Electri- zation in certain Uterine, Disorders," and in 1869 he issued a monograph on ' Electricity as a Means of Diagnosis." He also published an article on the " Comparative Value of the Galvanic and Fara- dir Currents" in 1870: in 1871 one on "Electroly- sis and its Application to the Treatment of Disease." There appeared also an exhaustive treatise, by him conjointly with Dr. Beard, on the " Medical and Surgical "Uses of Electricity " (New York. 1872 ; revised ed., 1875; new ed., with much additional matter, 1878 ; 6th revised ed., New York, 1888). Among his other monographs and papers are " Clinical Researches in Electro-Surgery " (1873) ; " Application of Electricity to the Central Nervous System" (1873); " Electrolytic Treatment of Can- cer" (1874); "Physiological and Therapeutical Relations of Electricity to the Nervous System " (1875); "Aphasia" (1876); "Intermittent Hemi- plegia " (1877) ; a volume of " Lectures on the Re- lation of Electricity to Medicine and Surgery" (1878); "Use of Electricity in the Treatment of Epilepsy " (1880) ; "Differential Indications for the Use of the Dynamic and Franklinic Forms of Electricity " (1882); and "Successful Treatment of Extra-Uterine Pregnancy " (1883).
ROCKWELL. James Otis, poet, b. in Lebanon,
Conn., 3 Nov., 1808; d. in Providence, R. I., 7
June, 1831. His family removed to Manlius, N. Y.,
when he was about fourteen years old. He was
apprenticed to a printer in Utica, and soon began
to write poems that gained for him more than
a local reputation. Going to Boston at the age
of eighteen, he worked at his trade, and subse-
quent ly obtained editorial employment in the, office
of tin- "Statesman." In the autumn of 1829 he
became editor of the Providence " Patriot." Some
of his poetry is preserved in Rufus W. Griswold's
"Poets and Poetry of America" (Philadelphia,
1842), and in Charles W. Everest's " Poets of Con-
necticut " (Hartford, 1843).
ROCKWELL, Joel Edson, clergyman, b. in
Salisbury, Vt., 4 May, 1816 ; d. in Brooklyn, N. Y.,
29 July, 1882. He was graduated at Amherst in
1837, and in 1841 at Union theological seminary,
New York city, ordained on 13 Oct., 1841, and was
pastor of the Presbyterian church at Valatie, N. Y.,
till 1847, and then for four years in Wilmington,
Del. He next had charge of the Central church in
Brooklyn, N. Y., till 1868. and subsequently of the
church at Stapleton, on Staten island. From 1852
till I860 he edited the " Sabbath-School Visitor " in
New York city. He received the degree of D. D.
from Jefferson college in 1859. He published
" Sketches of the Presbyterian Church " (Phila-
delphia, 1854); "The Young Christian Warned"
(1857) ; " Visitors' Questions " (1857) ; " Scenes and
Impressions Abroad " (New York, 1859) ; and My
Sheet-Anchor " (Philadelphia, 1864).
ROCKWELL, John Arnold, jurist, b. in Nor-
wich, Conn., 27 Aug., 1803 ; d. in Washington,
D. C., 10 Feb., 1861. He was graduated at Yale in
1 *'-'.!, and studied and practised law in Norwich.
He was a state senator in 1838-'9, became judge of
the New London county court in 1840, and in 1845
was elected to congress, serving two terms. Among
the measures that he introduced was one for com-
muting the spirit ration in the navy for its equiva-
lent in money. As chairman of the committee on
claims he was the chief originator of the court of
claims in Washington, to which he mainly con-
fined his practice after his service in congress. He
was the author of a standard treatise on "Spanish
and American Law in Relation to Mines and Titles
to Real Estate " (2 vols.. New York, 1851-'2).
ROCKWELL, Julius, jurist, b. in Colebrook,
Conn., 26 April, 1805 ; d. in Lenox, Mass., 19 May,
1888. He was graduated at Yale in 1826, studied
at the law-school, was admitted to the bar in 1829,
and settled in Pittsfield, Mass., in the following
year. He was elected a member of the Massachu-
setts legislature in 1834, its speaker in 1835-'8. and
then served as bank commissioner for three years.
He was a representative in congress from 2 Feb.,
1844, till 3 March, 1851, having been elected as a
Whig for four successive terms. He was a delegate
to the Massachusetts constitutional convention in
1853. On Edward Everett's resignation of his seat
in the U. S. senate, Mr. Rockwell was appointed to
fill the vacancy, and served from 15 June. 1854, till
Henry Wilson was elected by the legislature and
took his seat on 10 Feb., 1855. He was a presi-
dential elector on the Fremont ticket in 1856, was
again elected to the state house of representatives
in 1858, and was chosen speaker, which office he
had held when in the legislature before. In 1859
he was appointed one of the judges of the superior
court of Massachusetts, serving till 1871, when he
resigned. He had since resided in Lenox, Mass., and
been connected with various banks. His cousin,
Charles, author, b. in Colebrook, Conn.. 22 Nov.,
1806; d. in Albany, N. Y., 17 April, 1882, was
graduated at Yale in 1826, taught for five years in
the American deaf and dumb asylum, Hartford,
Conn., and then studied theology at Andover semi-
nary, where he was graduated in 1834. He was or-
dained on 30 Sept., 1834, as a Congregational min-
ister, was a chaplain in the U. S. navy for the next
three years, and from 1838 till 1845 was pastor of a
church at Chatham, Mass. He afterward preached
in Michigan and Kentucky and in New England
towns, taught in Boston, Mass., and Brooklyn,
N. Y., in 1856-'9, was pastor of the Reformed church
at Kiskatom, N. Y., in 1860-'6, and afterward sup-
plied various pulpits. He was the author of
"Sketches of Foreign Travel and Life at Sen " i'2
vols., Boston, 1842), and " The Catskill Mountains
ami the Region Around" (New York, 1867).
ROCK WOOD, Charles Greene, mathematician,
b. in New York city, 11 Jan., 1843. He was gradu-
ated at Yale in 1864, where in 1866 he received the
degree of Ph. D. in course for advanced scientific
studies. In 1868 he was called to the professorship
id mathematics and natural philosophy at Bowdoin,
and in 1873 he accepted that of mathematics and
astronomy at Rutgers, whence in 1877 he passed
to the chair of mathematics in Princeton, which he
now (1898) holds. Prof. Rockwood was a member
of the Princeton eclipse expedition that was sent to
Colorado in 1878, is a fellow of the American as-
sociation for the advancement of science, and a
member of the American metrological society, of
which he was the first secretary. He has acquired
considerable reputation by his studies of American
earthquakes, on which subject he has contributed
papers to the " American Journal of Science " since
1872. The annual summaries of progress in vul-
canology and seismology in the reports of the
Smithsonian institution for lSN4-'6 were his.
RODDEY, Philip Dale, soldier, b. in North Carolina in 1818. He was for many years owner and captain of steamboats in the navigation of Tennessee river. He organized a company of scouts
early in 1861 for the Confederate service, and sub-
