b. in Brooklyn. X. Y., 18 Jan., 1844. was a pupil of the National academy, and has studied also under Edwin White and Loon Bonnilt. He was elected an associate of the academy in 1879, and is also a member of the Water-color society and the Xew Yurk etching club. In 1886 he gained the Clarke prize at the academy. Among his works are the oil-paintings, " Contemplation." in Smith college. Northampton. Mass. (1878): "Extremes Meet "and "The Convent Composer" (1881); "Autumn." " Good-bye, Summer," " The Cronies," and "Fortune by Tea-Leaves " (1886) ; and the water-colors " Soli- taire " and " Old Ballads " (1878) ; " Two Sides of a Convent-Wall "(1884); and "The Fortune-Teller," "The Net-Mender," and "The Lightened Load" (1887). His pencil has been frequently employed in book-illustration, and he is well known as a teacher.
SATTERLEE, Richard Sherwood, surgeon,
b. in Fairfteld. Herkimer co., X. Y., 6 Dec., 1798 ; d.
in Xew York city, 10 Nov., 1880. His father. Ma]'.
William Satterlee, served in the Revolutionary
army. After a collegiate course the son studied
medicine, was admitted to practice, and in 1818
settled in Seneca county, X. Y., subsequently re-
moving to Detroit. He became assistant surgeon
in the II. S. army in 1822, served in the first and
second Florida wars, and in 1846 was assigned to
duty under Gen. William J. Worth, as chief sur-
geon of the 1st division of regulars. After the
capture of Mexico he became medical director on
tin- staff of Con. Winfield Scott. He became U. S.
medical purveyor in 1853. held that office till the
close of the civil war, and in 1864 was brevetted
" lieutenant-colonel, colonel, and brigadier-general
for diligent care and attention in procuring proper
army supplies as medical purveyor, and for econo-
my and fidelity in the disbursement of large sums
of money." He became lieutenant-colonel and
chief medical purveyor in July, 1866, and was re-
tired, 22 Feb., 1869. "
SAUGANASH, The, Indian name of Capt.
BILLY CALDWELL, a half-breed leader, b. in Canada
about 1780; d. in Council Bluffs, Iowa, 28 Sept.,
1841. His father was an Irish officer in the British
service, and his mother a Pottawattamie. He
received a good education from the Jesuits at De-
troit, could speak and write English and French,
and was master of several Indian dialects. He
early formed an acquaintance with Tecumseh, and
from 1807 till the death of the latter they were
intimate and devoted friends. The Sauganash was
a faithful friend to the whites, and did all he
could to mitigate the horrors of savage warfare.
Although he was hostile to the whites at the
time of the Chicago massacre in August, 1812, it
is said that the lives of the prisoners were saved
through the intercession of Caldwell and Shabona,
who were not in the engagement. The Sauganash
took up his residence in Chicago about 1820. In
1826 he was one of the justices of the peace there.
In 1828 the Indian department, in consideration of
his services, built him the first frame house in
Chicago. He occupied this house (near what is
now the corner of Xorth State street and Chicago
avenue) till he left the country with his tribe in
1836 for Council Bluffs. By a treaty that was
made 2 Jan., 1830, the Sauganash, Shabona, and
other friendly Indians had reservations granted
them by the government, and 1,240 acres on the
north branch of the Chicago river was set apart for
Caldwell, which he sold before leaving the country.
Caldwell owed allegiance to three distinct nations
at the same time. He was captain of the Indian
department under Great Britain in the war of
1812, and never renounced his allegiance, was a
justice of the peace in Chicago, and a chief of the
Ottawas and Pottawattamies. See ' Waubun, the
Early Day," by Mrs. John H. Kinzie (Chicago, 1857).
SAULSBURY, Eli, senator, b. in Kent county,
Del., 29 Dec., 1817; d. in Dover, 22 March, 1893.
He attended select schools, followed an irregular
course at Dickinson, was admitted to the bar in
1845, and practised in Dover, Del. He was a mem-
ber of the legislature in 1853-'4, and succeeded
his brother, Willard, as U. S. senator, having been
elected as a Democrat in 1870. He was re-elected in
1876, and again in 1883 for the term that expired
on 3 March, 1889. He offered an amendment to the
" force bill " in the 42d congress, and in the same
session opposed in two speeches and voted against
the act "to enforce the provisions of the 14th
amendment to the constitution of the United States
and for other purposes." He moved an amend-
ment to the specie-payment bill, and spoke and
voted in the negative against military interference
in the organization of the Louisiana legislature in
the 43d congress. His brother, Willard, senator,
b. in Kent county, Del., 2 June, 1820 ; d. in Dover,
6 April, 1892, was educated at Dickinson, studied
law, practised in Georgetown, Del., and in 1850-'5
was state attorney-general. In the mean time he
took an active part in politics, and became known
throughout the state as an orator. He was chosen
U. S. senator as a Democrat in 1858. and served by
re-election till 1871. During his first term of ser-
vice in that body he devoted all his energies to I ln>
preservation of the Union, and the prevention of
civil war. Among his important speeches vas t hat
on the state-rights resolution of Jefferson Davis,
delivered 2 April. 1800 ; that on the resolution pro-
posing to expel Jesse D. Bright (q. r.), delivered 29
Jan., 1862; that on the bill to prevent officers of
the army and navy from interfering in elections in
the southern states, delivered 24 March, 1864; and
that on amending the constitution of the United
States, delivered 6 March, 1866. In the 36th con-
gress he closed the debate on disunion by calling
attention to the fact that " as Delaware was the first
to adopt the constitution of the United States, she
would be the last to do any act looking to separa-
tion." He offered a resolution proposing a confer-
ence for the settlement of difficulties in the 37th
congress, and argued against the constitutionality
of the bill on compensated emancipation in Mis-
souri. He served on the reconstruction committee
in the 39th congress, voted in the affirmative on
the 15th amendment in the 40th congress, and in
the negative on the Virginia bill in the 41st con-
gress. He was a delegate to the Chicago Demo-
cratic convention in 1864. and in 1873 he was
elected chancellor of Delaware.
SAUNDERS, Alvin, senator, b. in Fleming county, Ky., 12 July, 1817; d. in Omaha, Neb.. 1 Nov., 1899. His family were Virginians. He went with his father to Illinois in 1829, and attended school in the intervals of farm-work. He removed in 1836 to Mount Pleasant, in that part of Wisconsin territory that is now Iowa, and was
postmaster there for seven years. At the same time he studied law ; but, instead of practising, he engaged in business as a merchant and banker. Mr. Saunders was a member of the convention that
framed the constitution of Iowa in 1846, and a state senator for eight years. He sat in the first Republican convention in the state, and in the National conventions of 1860 and 1868, was a com-
missioner to organize the Pacific railroad company, and served as governor of Xebraska territory from 1861 till its admission into the Union in 1867. During his term of office the population of the
