Page:Archæologia Americana—volume 2, 1836.djvu/248

212 A SYNOPSIS OF THE INDIAN TRIBES. [iNTROD. two of those are sometimes united, as pilurksoak, both dimin- utive and derogative. (Crantz). Others derived from verbs ; mio, designates the place where you are ; vik, or bik, locality ; out or nt, the instrument of action ; katak, a fellow companion ; ursak, analogy, resem- blance ; susia, the abstract name of the quality. They have no inflection designating the gender. (Mith.) Adjectives. — There are no primitive adjectives ; their place is supplied by verbal adjectives or participles. Thus from kenukpok, 'he is black,' is derived the preterite kernertok, used also as a participle and adjective, and meaning black. In the same manner the comparative and superlative are expressed by pronominal inflections of the verb. Angivok, ' he is great ' ; angnerrovok, ' he is greater ' ; angnerriosarpok, i he is the greatest.' The comparative is also expressed by the suffix mil. Pronouns. f, thou, he, she, we two, we, you two, you, they, Personal. uanga, iblit, una, uuguk, uugut, iliptik, ilipse, okko, United with verbs. n S a > tit, guk, tik, se, uk, ut, United with nouns. my ; thy ; his ; our (of us two) ; our ; your (of you two) ; your j their. Possessive. ka, (suus) (ejus) ne, me, e ; a, aet, it puk, guk, vuk, put, vut, vuk, sik, tik, se, tik, aet, Example. my land, nunaga, thy " nunet, his " (sua,) nunane, his " (ejus,) nuna, our " (of us two,) nunarpuk, our " (pi.) nunarput, your " (dual) nunarsik, your " (pi.) nunarse, their " (du. & pi.) nunaet. When verbs govern the pronoun, the possessive affixes are used, preceded by the particles ma, am, au. Verbs. — Four conjugations (five according to Crantz), of which the third person singular present indicative is respec- tively terminated in rpok, kpuk, pure (viz. preceded by a vowel) ; ok, pok, or vok ; and au. The various tenses are de- rived by various inflections from that third person singular ; the other persons ns by the above table °. And the termination prop- er of the tense is moreover occasionally inflected, according to the person. (Mith.) Tenses. — There are properly but three tenses ; the present, used also as an imperfect ; the preterite, used also as a pluperfect and denoted by the insertion of s or t; the fu- ture, which is twofold, according as the action is to follow immediately, or to take place some time hence. (Crantz.) Moods. — There are several varied terminations, or inflections, expressive of and distinguishing, not only the mood generally, but the modifications of that mood. The imperative and the