152 Sloan's Architectural Review and Builders' Journal. [August, the "washed style," and thence losing the proper feeling, which conformed the glass to the architecture. And although great artists, as in the case of Albei-t Durer,* did design for glass-stainers, they had not grasped the idea of the old masters, that the stained-glass was an integral part of the architecture, whereas they made the mullions perform the part of a frame for a picture, in looking at which, you lost sight of the mullions in great measure ; as the subject gener- ally extended through the whole window and thereby destroyed the beauty of the architecture. In the eighteenth century, Sir Joshua Reynolds, the President of the Royal Academy oT England, made the cartoons of a large window, containing the Adora- tion of the Shepherds, and the figures of the Cardinal Virtues, which, though fault- less in a great measure as paintings, are entirely unsuited for a church window. This window, in the chapel of New Col- lege, Oxford, was painted by Jarvis, an artist in glass of good celebrity, but lacking the old knowledge, or not having the taste to follow the rules of the old masters, he failed to produce a chef deuvre in stained -glass. "j" Of course all
- Misprinted in some copies of the July number, p. 58,
2d col., Alfred. f The identical designs of Sir Joshua Reynolds, however, j fashions change ; and it was not in England alone, but in Itaty, France, and other parts of the continent, and even with such artists as Raphael and Van- djrke for designers, that they made pic- tures of windows, in place of rich designs subservient to the architecture. Thus we see that it was not for want of eminent men as painters, that the art declined. Though not lost, it fell into abej'ance, owing probably to these un- questionably great masters, thinking to establish a purer taste, comprised in more correct and finer drawing, than had been applied to windows by their ruder forefathers ; but they failed to give that grandeur, which is the glory of the ancient windows. The taste, however, for the revival of the antique style, has been slowly but surely making progress ; and many fine examples have been produced, indeed examples not much inferior to those of our own ancestors in the art, whom nevertheless we should not servilely try to copy, but endeavor to find out the true principles on which they worked, and then try to surpass them. ■were engraved then on framing copper-plates in stipple, by G. S. and J. G. Facius, from the drawings of John Boydell, Cheapside, London, who published this series, from 1781 to 17S5; and have since appeared, on copper or steel, in at least two smaller sizes ; and, as pictorial compo- sitions, have always been favorites with the public— [Ed.] VENTILATION AND HEATING. By Lewis W. Leeds.* POPULAR education, or the educa- tion of the masses, is a slow pro- cess. Until quite recently, the great fire-place, in most of our sitting-rooms, rendered all other arrangements for ventilation quite useless. It is not surprising, therefore, that the very delicate and complicated prob- lem : how we should ventilate our houses thoroughly, and warm them comforta- bly, should not be already solved. With man3 r , there is a greater amount of dependence placed on mere mechani- cal contrivances for ventilation, than there should be. The ever-varying con- ditions of the atmosphere, changes of temperature, force of wind, and the differences in our own physical condi-
- Consulting Engineer of Ventilation and Heating, No. 110 Broadway, New York.
