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TRANSLATION AND NOTES. BOOK IV.
-iv. 5

7. I make thy member taut, like a bowstring on a bow; mount (kram), as it were a stag a doe, unrelaxingly always (?).

The verse is repeated below as vi. 101. 3. It is wanting (as noted above) in Ppp. All our pada-mss. make in c the absurd division kráma: svárçaḥ॰iva, instead of krámasva: ṛ́çyaḥ॰iva; but SPP. strangely reports no such blunder from his mss. All the mss. agree in rça instead of rçya ⌊both editions should read rçya⌋; the comm. has again ṛṣa (cf. 5 d), and declares it equivalent to vṛṣabha! The Pet. Lex. takes sádā at the end as instr. of sád "position in coitus" and the connection strongly favors this; but the accent and the gender oppose it so decidedly that the translation does not venture to adopt it. The comm. takes sádā as "always," and reads before it anu valgūyatā (for ánavaglāyatā), supplying manasā for it to agree with. The verse is bhurij only if we refuse to make the common contraction -rçye ’va in c.


8. Of the horse, of the mule, of the he-goat and of the ram, also of the bull what vigors there are—them do thou put in him, O self-controller.

The omission of tā́n would rectify the meter of d, and also make more suitable the accentuation asmín. The great majority of mss. favor in c the reading átha ṛṣ-, which SPP. has accordingly adopted (our edition has átha ṛṣ-). The comm. again (as in 4 d) has at the end tanūvaçam, understanding it adverbially (çarīrasya vaço yathā bhavati tathā).


5. An incantation to put to sleep.

[Brahman.—svāpanam, vārṣabham. ānuṣṭubham: 2. bhurij; 7. purastājjyotis triṣṭubh.]

Found in Pāipp. iv., next after our hymn 4. Part of the verses are RV. vii. 55. 5-8. Used by Kāuç. among the women's rites, in a rite (36. 1 ff.) for putting to sleep a woman and her attendants, in order to approach her safely.

Translated: Aufrecht, Ind. Stud. iv. 340; Grill, 51, 119; Griffith, i. 135; Bloomfield, 105, 371; Weber, xviii. 20.—Discussed by Pischel, Ved. Stud. ii. 55 f.; see also Lanman, Reader, p. 370, and references; further, the RV. translators; and Zimmer, p. 308.


1. The thousand-horned bull that came up from the ocean—with him, the powerful one, do we put the people to sleep.

The verse is RV. vii. 55. 7, without variant. Ppp. reads at the beginning hiraṇyaçṛn̄gas. The comm. takes the "bull" to be the sun with his thousand rays—but that is nothing to make people sleep; the moon is more likely, but even that only as typifying the night.


2. The wind bloweth not over the earth; no one soever seeth over [it]; both all the women and the dogs do thou make to sleep, going with Indra as companion.

Ppp. has in b the preferable reading sūryas for káç caná. Part of our mss. (P.M.W.E.I.H.K.), with apparently all of SPP's, read svāpáyas* at end of c, but both editions accept svāpáya, which the comm. also has. The comm. understands the wind to be meant as Indra's companion in d. The verse is not bhurij, if we read vā́tó ’ti in a. *⌊And so Op.⌋


3. The women that are lying on a bench, lying on a couch, lying in a litter; the women that are of pure odor—all of them we make to sleep.