mond in 1878 by a committee of which Walter Hines Page was chairman. A similar list was put out by a self-appointed committee at Gettysburg in 1886. The general directories of the fraternity have been published from Washington, D. C., in 1897, 1903, 1907 and 1911, the editions of 1907 and 1911 are in pocket form. The Ohio Alumni Association issued a state directory in 1896 and various Province directories have been published, some of them running into four editions. Directories by individual chapters are numerous.
A manual of 82 octavo pages was published by Claude T. Reno in 1911 at Allentown, Pa., containing an outline of the history of the fraternity and much valuable statistical matter. A formal history is authorized and is in process of compilation. The proceedings of the Congresses since 1898 have been published in separate pamphlets aggregating 1487 pages and a volume containing the minutes of all prior Congresses is in the press. The constitution and ritual were printed in 1878 and again in 1906. A handbook of Laws and Usages by W. C. Smiley was issued from St. Paul, Minn., in 1914 for private circulation.
The badge of the fraternity is a cross formee of black enamel with a circular central panel upon which is shown in gold, a crescent near the top, three stars immediately below the crescent, the letter Tau in the center and at the bottom two hands clasped. The arms of the cross display the letters Α and Ω vertically and the letters Ω and Α horizontally. The original design has never been changed. The size and type of mounting is standardized and the
