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THE ORIGINS OF THE ISLAMIC STATE

This same Manṣûr was governor of ar-Ruha when its inhabitants rebelled in the early part of the [Abbasid] dynasty and were besieged by al-Manṣûr, the ʿâmil of abu-l-ʿAbbâs over Mesopotamia and Armenia. When al-Manṣûr captured the city, Manṣûr took to flight; but when he was later given safe-conduct, he appeared on the scene. When ʿAbdallâh ibn-ʿAli dismissed abu-Jaʿfar al-Manṣûr, ʿAbdallâh made Manṣûr the chief of the guard in his district. When ʿAbdallâh fled to al-Basrah, Manṣûr disappeared but was discovered in the year 141 and brought before al-Manṣûr, who, on his way from Jerusalem, put him to death at ar-Raḳḳah. According to others, Manṣûr was given safe-conduct and appeared after the flight of [Abdallâh] ibn-ʿAli. After this there were found letters on him directed to the Greeks and betraying Islam. When al-Manṣûr, in the year 141, arrived at ar-Raḳḳah from Jerusalem, he sent someone who brought him; and he was beheaded at ar-Raḳḳah. Al-Manṣûr then departed for al-Hâshimîyah[1] at al-Kûfah.

In the caliphate of al-Mahdi, ar-Rashîd built the Manṣûr fort and stationed a garrison in it.

  1. Yâḳût, vol. iv, p. 946; Baghdâd under the Abbasid Caliphate, p. 5.