Birds and Seasons loi With the young on the wing, our songsters grow less and less musical, and by the middle of July most of them are silent, though the Red -eyed Vireo and Indigo -bird may still be heard after the other voices have been hushed. About July 15 we also begin to recognize visitors from near by that did not breed immediately about us, and our rarer breeders are increasing in number, while a tendency to flock is evident on all sides. This is the beginning of the fall migration, and generally by July 30 we note the first real stranger from the north — the Water-thrush. In July also we see the molt in progress: the annual shedding of the worn breeding plumage and the substitution of a fuller feathering, which is to serve as a winter wrap. Most young birds, too, have a molt at this time and lose the scant ' juvenal plumage ' which covered them when they first launched forth from the nest. BIRDS OF THE SEASON For permanent residents, see Bird-Lore, December, 1900, p. 183. Night Heron, Green Heron, Least Bittern, Killdeer, King Rail, 'irginia Rail, Spotted Sandpiper, Turkey Vulture, Yeiiow-billed Cuckoo, Kingfisher, Flicker, Red- headed Woodpecker, Hummingbird, Chimney Swift, Night Hawk, Kingbird, Crested Flycatcher, Pewee, Wood Pewee, Green-crested Flycatcher, Orchard Oriole, Baltimore Oriole, Red-winged Blackbird, Purple Grackle, Cowbird, Indigo-bird, Towhee, Chip- ping Sparrow, Grasshopper Sparrow, Vesper Sparrow, Scarlet Tanager, Barn Swallow, Rough-winged Swallow, Bank Swallow, Red-eyed Vireo, White-eyed Vireo, Ovenbird, Maryland Yellow-throat, Blue-winged Warbler, Black and White Warbler, Kentucky Warbler, Yellow Warbler, Worm-eating Warbler, Chat, Long-billed Marsh Wren, House Wren, Brown Thrasher, Catbird, Wood Thrush, Robin, Bluebird. Rare or Local Breeders. — Wood Duck, Field Plover, Osprey,* Black-billed Cuckoo, Whip-poor-will,* Least Flycatcher, Cliff Swallow, Purple Martin,* Yellow-throated X'ireo, Warbling Vireo, Prairie Warbler,* Pine Warbler,* Louisiana Water-thrush, Redstart, Rose-breasted Grosbeak.
- Plentiful in southern New Jersey.
JUNE AND JULY BIRD-LIFE NEAR OBERLIN, OHIO Bv LvNDS Junes During the whole of June there are present only the summer resident species, if we except an occasional stray drake Mallard. The closest scrutiny of June hinl-life has failed to bring to light any movement of spe- cies either northward or southward, but there may be movement of some individuals of the latest spring arrivals northward in early June, and a slight southward movement among the earlier breetlers of the earliest arrivals, late in the motuh. Tluis the Hron/cd Gracklcs and Robins begin to gather in consiilerable Hocks, to form roosts, even late in .May. The movement is no iloubt rather a preparation for migration than an actual migration. In the list of siiinnuT rc^iileiits 1 liac iiu'luilfd i'ii:ht species which do
