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Four-oars.
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The writer claims for his own invention that it never removes the feet from the proper outward-turned pose against the stretcher, and that the springs under the lever ensure the rudder swinging back and ‘trailing’ so soon as a lever is released.

Whatever apparatus is used, ares, not strings, should lead the rudder, and should not be too tight ; they will pull enough, though slightly loose.

Anyone may steer; the best waterman, if not too short- sighted, should do so, but stroke should not take the task if anyone else is at all fit for it.

Four-oar.

The steerer should not be repeatedly looking round, as regards his course. If he is sure of no obstacles lying in his path, he can, when once he has laid his boat straight for a reach, watch her stern-post, and keep touch on it, to hold it to some landinark.

A coxswainless four really facilitates oarsmanship. It re- covers from a roll more frecly than the old-fashioned build with a pilot. It is uneven rowing which causes a roll, but when once equilibrium has been disturbed the coxswain has more difficulty than the crew in regaining balance. The oars-