(a) To sanction and promulgate the laws, to execute them and see to their execution; to issue, when Congress has not done so, regulations for their best execution; and to issue the decrees and orders which are advisable for this purpose and for whatever is pertinent to the government and administration of the Nation, without in any case contravening what is established by law.
(b) To call special sessions of Congress, or of the Senate only, in the cases which this Constitution specifies, or when necessary.
(c) To suspend sessions of Congress when no agreement is reached for the purpose between the co-legislative bodies.
(d) To present to Congress, at the beginning of each session and whenever opportune, a message referring to the acts of administration, showing the general state of the Republic; and to recommend or initiate the adoption of the laws and resolutions that he considers necessary or useful.
(e) To present the proposed annual budget to the House of Representatives, 60 days prior to the date on which it should become effective.
(f) To furnish to Congress the information that it requests directly or by means of questions addressed to the Government, as to all kinds of matters which do not require secrecy.
(g) To direct diplomatic negotiations and to make treaties with other nations, which he must submit for the approval of the Senate, failing which they will not be valid or binding on the Republic.
(h) With the approval of the Senate, to appoint the Chief Justice, Presiding Justices of Sections and Associate Justices of the Supreme Court, in the manner provided in this Constitution, as well as the heads of diplomatic missions.
(i) To appoint the corresponding officers to fill the other offices established by law, if their appointment is not a responsibility of other authorities.
(j) To suspend the exercise of the rights enumerated in Article 41 of this Constitution, in the cases and in the manner which it establishes.
(k) To grant pardons in accordance with what is prescribed by the Constitution and by law, except in the case of fraudulent electoral crimes. To pardon public officers and employees
