A BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY OF
BOULANGER, Jean, a French line-engraver,
cousin to the painter of the same name, was born
at Amiens in 1607. He seems to have attaclied
himself at first to an imitation of the style of Fran-
5ois Je Poilly, but he afterwards took up a mode
of engraving which had before been practised by
his contemporary, Jean Morin, but which he greatly
improved, of finishing the flesh and naked parts
of his figures wilh dots, instead of strokes, or with
a mixture of both, which gave a very soft and
mellow effect ; but as he finished the draperies and
backgrounds with rather a harsh use of the graver,
there was a want of union in the effect of his
plates. Notwithstanding this defect, his prints
have considerable merit, and are justly held in
estimation. He died in Paris about 1680. The
following are some of his principal plates :
PORTRAITS. M.iria Theresa of Austria, Queen of France ; after Frere Luc. Pope Urban YIII. ; /. Boulanger inv. et fee. Charles II., King of England. Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden. Leopold, King of the Komans. Henry of Ca.stile, Abbot of St. Martin. J. Regnault de Segrais, of the French Academy. J. Jacques Older, Cure of St. Sepuk-re. Paul Beurier, Canon of St. Genevieve ; after Jacq Le Fivre. Daniel de Cosnac, Archbishop of Aix; after Claude Le Febvre. V. Louis de Seckendorf : after C. Scheffer. Michael Nostradamus, Physician. St. Vincent de Paul. Mademoiselle Le Gras, Foundress of the Filles de la Charite. Francis Isidor de Hayrien. Fran<;ois de Clermont, Bishop of Noyon.
SUBJECTS FROM HIS OWN DESIGNS. Two Busts of our Saviour and the Virgin Mary. Bust of the Virgin, surrounded by a border of Laurel ; oval. The Virgin Mary and Infant Jesus ; half length. The Virgin Mary and Infant, with St. John presenting a Cross.
SUBJECTS AFTER DIFFERENT MASTERS. The Virgin and Infant Christ holding some Pinks, called the Virgin of the Pinks ; after Raphael. A Bust of the Virgin; inscribed Mater amabilis ; after thu same. The Holy Family, with St. Joseph giving the Infant some Cherries ; after Carraeci. The Virgin of Passau ; after Solar'io. The Virgin Mary, with the Infant sleeping in her Arms ; after Guido. The Virgin and Infant Jesus, with St. John kissing his Foot ; after the same. The Holy Family ; after Noel Coijpel. The Holy Family; half-length figures; after Nic. Loir. The Infant Christ ; inscribed Salvator Muiidi, &c. ; after the same. 1651. Christ bearing His Cross ; after Ntc. Mignard. The. Virgin and Infant, with St. John kissing His Foot ; eifter F. Mignard. The Descent from the Cross ; after S. Bourdon. The Entombment of Christ ; after the same. The Crucifixion ; after Ch. le Brim. St. Francis de Paula ; after S. Vouet. The Dead Christ supported by Joseph of Arimathea. The Pompous Cavalcade on the occasion of Louis XIV. coming of age.
BOULANGER, Lonis, was bom of French parents at Vercelli, in Piidniont, in 1806. He studied painting under Guillon-Lethi^re and A. Dev^ria, and entered upon the practice of art under the influence of the chiefs of the romantic school ; and with an amount of early renown, which he afterwards retained. He was intimate with Victor Hugo, who dedicated to him some of his poetical effusions, a compliment which he returned by illustrating the poet's works in some of his most effective canvases. Boulanger obtained a medal of the second class in 1827, and one of the first class in 1836, and the decoration of the Legion of Honour in 1840 ; whilst in 1860 he was appointed director of the Imperial School of Fine Arts at Dijon. He had for a time a great reputa- tion, but died almost forgotten, at Dijon, in 1867.
He exhibited at irregular intervals, after 1828 : Mazeppa. 1S2S. The Departure. 1S23. The last .scene of Lucrezia Borgia, in loater-colours. 1834 (purchased by the Luke of Orleans). The Triumph of Petrarch. 1836. St. Jerome with Roman Fugitives. 1855. Romeo purchasing the Poison. 1857. Lazarillo and the Beggar. 1857. Don Qui.'ioto and the Goat-herd. 1859. Othello. 1859. Macbeth. 1859. " Vive la joie." 1866.
BOULANGER, MA'rrHiEU, was a native of France, and flourished about the year 1680. He is supposed to have been a son of Jean Boulanger, the engraver. He was chiefly employed in engrav- ing portraits for the booksellers, which are executed in a stiff, heavy style.
BOULANGER, Pierre Emmanuel Hippolyte, a Belgian landscape painter, was born in 18.37. He studied in the Academy at Brussels and at Tervu- eren and the neighbourhood. He exhibited at the Brussels Exhibition in 1866, and at Ghent in 1867, when his pictures were much noticed. He ob- tained a medal in 1872 for his ' AlMe des Charmes.' He also exhibited ' En-iron3 de Tervueren ' at the Salon in 1873, and ' Spring-time in Brabant ' at the International Exhibition at Kensington in 1874. He died at Brussels in 1874.
BOULLONGNE, Bon de, (or Boulogne,) the elder son of Louis de Boullongne, was born in Paris in 1649. He was instructed by his father, and having painted a picture of ' St. John,' which was shown to Colbert, he was sent to Rome for improvement, under the pension of the king, and there he remained five years. He afterwards visited Lombardy, and passed some time studying the works of Correggio and the Carraeci. On his return to Paris he was a candidate for a seat in the Academy, which he obtained in 1677, and painted for his picture of reception ' Hercules combating the Centaurs' (now in the Louvre). He was made professor in 1692. Louis XIV. took him into favour, and employed him to paint the staircase at Versailles, under the direction of Charles le Brun. In 1702 he painted in fresco the cupola of the chapel of St. Jerome, in the church of the Invalides. One of his best works is ' The Resurrection of Lazarus,' in the church of the Carthusians. At Versailles he painted ' Venus and Cupid,' and ' Bacchus and Silenus ; ' and in the Trianon, in 1710, ' Juno and Flora,' and ' The Toilet of Venus,' both now in the Louvre. In addition tt these and the ' Hercules,' the Louvre possesses an ' Annunciation,' ' St. Benedict restoring a Child to life,' and a ' Marriage of St. Catharine,' by him. ' The Calling of the Sons of Zebedee,' by him, is in the Dublin Gallery. He possessed a particular talent for painting what the Italians call ' pastici,' or imitation of the style of other masters, without the servility of copies. He died in Paris in 1717.
We have a few etchings by this painter :
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