PAINTERS AND ENGRAVERS.
lithographic artist. He designed many hundred
illustrated title-pages for music in a pretty, though
weak, style. He died in 1863.
BRANDARD, Robert, a landscape engraver, was bom at Birmingham in 1805. He went to London in 1824, and entered the studio of Edward Goodall, with whom, however, he remained only a year. He engraved some of the subjects for Brockedon's ' Passes of the Alps,' Captain Batty's ' Saxony,' Turner's ' England and Wales,' and ' English Rivers,' and numerous plates for the ' Art Journal,' after Turner, Stanfield, Callcott, Herring, and others. His most important engrav- ings on a large scale were Turner's ' Crossing the Brook,' ' The Snow-storm,' and ' The Bay of Baije.' He also published two volumes of etchings, chiefly landscapes, after Ids own designs. He occasion- ally exhibited small oil pictures at the British Institution, which were distinguished by a good feeling for nature and a healthy tone of colour. He died in 1862. ' Rocks at Hastings,' in water- colour, by him, is in the South Kensington Museum.
BRANDEL, Petr Jan, a Bohemian painter, was born at Prague in 1668. He was a scholar of Jan Schroter, and in four 3-ears surpassed his master. He gave proof of his ability in many pictures painted for the churches and other public edifices at Prague and Breslau. He died in the greatest poverty at Kuttenberg in 1735. In the Belvedere at Vienna is a picture of ' The Woman taken in Adultery,' by him.
BRANDEXBEKG, Johann, was bom at Ziig, in Switzerland, in 1660. He was the son of Thomas Brandenberg, a painter, by whom he was instructed in the art. On the death of his father he was taken under the protection of the Count uf Ferrara, who took him to Mantua, where he was so struck with the fine works of Giulio Romano that he applied himself with great diligence to studying and copy- ing them. On his return to his native country he gave convincing proof of the advantage his study had been to him in pictures he painted for the churches of the different towns in Switzerland. He painted pastoral subjects in fresco on the ceiling of the concert-room at Zurich. His his- torical pictures are well composed, correctly drawn, and vigorously coloured. He died in 1729.
BRANDES, Georq Heinrich, was bom at Bort- feld, in Brunswick, in 1803, and learned the rudi- ments of painting under the guidance of F. Barthels at Branswick. From 1823 to 1825 lie attended the Academy of Munich, where he first devoted himself to historic paintingunder the tuition of Cornelius, but aftem^ards turned his attention to landscapes. On quitting the Academy he proceeded to the Tyrol. His pictures from the Bavarian mountains won him a reputation by their grandeur of disposition and effective colouring. In 1830-31 he visited Italy, and passed much of the time in Rome. On his return he settled down in Brunswick, and became a teacher of painting and design as well as gallery inspector at the Ducal Museum. In 1845, together with Neumann, he restored the old mural paintings in Brunswick Cathedral. He died at that city in 1868. The following are among his most important works :
View near Kome. Subiaco. The Inundation. Landscape in the Harz Hountains during a Thunder- storm. View near Salzburg {in the iVetr Pinakothek at Munich).
BRANDI, DoilENlco, a painter of birds, animals, and landscapes, was bom at Naples in 1683, and died in 1735 or 1736. He was painter to the Viceroy of Naples. In the Madrid Gallery is a landscape with herdsmen and cattle by him ; the Bordeaux Museum also has a landscape attributed to him.
BRANDI, GlAciNTO, was born at Poll, near Rome, in 1623. He was first a scholar of Giovaimi Giacomo Sementi, of Bologna ; but he afterwards studied under Laiifranco. In the early partof his life he painted some admirable pictures in the style of that master, but from his love of pleasure and expense he was frequently obliged to finish his works in a negligent way for the sake of despatch. In his best pictures we find a grand style of composition, a firm and free handling, a fine character in his heads, and even a vigorous colour. This is not, however, the case with the majority of his pictures, which are frequently feeble in effect and incorrect in design. He was head of the Academy of St. Luke, and was made a knight of the order of Christ. His principal works at Rome are, 'The Assumption of the Virgin, with St. John the Baptist, St. Silvester, and other Saints,' painted in the vault of San Silvestro ; at the principal altar of the church of Gesii e Maria al Corso, 'The Crowming of the Virgin;' the vault of the church of San Carlo al Corso, representing ' The Fall of Lucifer ; ' in the church of San Rocco, ' St. Roch giving the Sacrament to the Plague-stricken.' He died at Kome in 1691. The Dresden GaUery possesses by him a ' Dajdalus and Icarus,' and ' iloses with the Tables of the Law,' and in the Belvedere, Vienna, is a picture of ' Paul and Anthony, the first Hermits,' by him.
BRANDMULLER, Georg, an eminent Swiss painter, was bora at Basle in 1661. He was the son of a member of the council, and his father possessing a collection of drawings and prints, BrandmuUer evinced an early inclination for the art by copying some of them, and he was placed under the tuition of an obscure painter named Gaspar Meyer. When he was seventeen years of age he was sent to Paris, and had the advantage of studying under Le Brun, who found suflicient ability in his pupil to employ him to paint from his designs, in the works he was then engaged in at Versailles, and this he accomplished to the entire satisfaction of his master. On his return to Switzerland he was invited to the Court of Wiirtemburg, where he met with great encouragement. His genius was equal to the composition of grand historical subjects, which he treated with nobleness, and painted with great spirit and fire. One of his most esteemed works is a ' Descent from the Cross,' in the church of the Capuchins at Dornach. He also excelled in portrait painting, which he rendered more than usually interesting by the introduction of analogous and historical attributes. This artist is regarded in Germany as one of the ablest painters of his time, and probably would have left behind him a still more brilliant reputation if his talents had been permitted a longer career, but he died when still young in 1690.
BRANDT, — , a native of the Hague, who flourished about 1683, was a pupU of G. Netscher, and showed great talent in the manner of his master, but died at his birthplace in the flower of his age.
BRANDT, Albertcs Jonas, born at Amsterdam in 1788, was a scholar of J. E. Morel, after whose death in 1808 he passed two years with G. van Os.
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